Molecular composition of soil dissolved organic matter in recently-burned and long-unburned boreal forests
Jun’ichiro Ide
A G , Mizue Ohashi B , Kajar Köster C , Frank Berninger C D , Ikumi Miura B , Naoki Makita E , Keitaro Yamase F , Marjo Palviainen C and Jukka Pumpanen D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable Society, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 811-2415, Japan.
B School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan.
C Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
D Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
E Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
F Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Hyogo 671-2515, Japan.
G Corresponding author. Email: ide.junichiro@gmail.com
International Journal of Wildland Fire 29(6) 541-547 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF19085
Submitted: 11 June 2019 Accepted: 9 January 2020 Published: 13 February 2020
Abstract
Forest fires can change the quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soils, and consequently have a great influence on biogeochemical cycles in forest ecosystems. However, little information is available regarding the effects of fire on the chemical composition of DOM in boreal forest soils. To clarify these effects, the molecular composition of soil DOM was compared between recently-burned and long-unburned boreal forests (6 and 156 years since the last fire, respectively) in Finnish Lapland. Ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry revealed that there were no significant differences in species, average molecular weight or the number of molecular compounds detected between the recently-burned and long-unburned forests. However, the number of compounds with condensed aromatic structures tended to be larger in the recently-burned forest, whereas the numbers of proteins and carbohydrates not shared between the two forests were significantly smaller. Lignin-like molecules accounted for most of the total molecular species in both forests. Our results suggest that fire not only generated several species of dissolved black carbon, but also caused burned plant residues, which supplied diverse lignin-like molecules in the recently-burned forest soils and led to the number of molecular species being comparable to that in the long-unburned forest soils.
Additional keywords: biomolecules, natural forest, soil water, succession, Värriö Strict Nature Reserve.
References
Abiven S, Hengartner P, Schneider MPW, Singh N, Schmidt MWI (2011) Pyrogenic carbon soluble fraction is larger and more aromatic in aged charcoal than in fresh charcoal. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 43, 1615–1617.| Pyrogenic carbon soluble fraction is larger and more aromatic in aged charcoal than in fresh charcoal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bond-Lamberty B, Peckham SD, Ahl DE, Gower ST (2007) Fire as the dominant driver of central Canadian boreal forest carbon balance. Nature 450, 89–92.
| Fire as the dominant driver of central Canadian boreal forest carbon balance.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17972883PubMed |
Cairney JWG, Burke RM (1998) Extracellular enzyme activities of the ericoid mycorrhizal endophyte Hymenoscyphus ericae (Read) Korf and Kernan: their likely roles in decomposition of dead plant tissue in soil. Plant and Soil 205, 181–192.
| Extracellular enzyme activities of the ericoid mycorrhizal endophyte Hymenoscyphus ericae (Read) Korf and Kernan: their likely roles in decomposition of dead plant tissue in soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Certini G (2005) Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review. Oecologia 143, 1–10.
| Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15688212PubMed |
Czimczik CI, Masiello CA (2007) Controls on black carbon storage in soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 21, GB3005
| Controls on black carbon storage in soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
D’Andrilli J, Cooper WT, Foreman CM, Marshall AG (2015) An ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry index to estimate natural organic matter lability. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 29, 2385–2401.
| An ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry index to estimate natural organic matter lability.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26563709PubMed |
Dittmar T, Koch B, Hertkorn N, Kattner G (2008) A simple and efficient method for the solid-phase extraction of dissolved organic matter (SPE-DOM) from seawater. Limnology and Oceanography, Methods 6, 230–235.
| A simple and efficient method for the solid-phase extraction of dissolved organic matter (SPE-DOM) from seawater.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dixon RK, Solomon AM, Brown S, Houghton RA, Trexier MC, Wisniewski J (1994) Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems. Science 263, 185–190.
| Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17839174PubMed |
Flannigan M, Stocks B, Turetsky M, Wotton M (2009) Impacts of climate change on fire activity and fire management in the circumboreal forest. Global Change Biology 15, 549–560.
| Impacts of climate change on fire activity and fire management in the circumboreal forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gauthier S, Raulier F, Ouzennou H, Saucier J-P (2015) Strategic analysis of forest vulnerability to risk related to fire: an example from the coniferous boreal forest of Quebec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, 553–565.
| Strategic analysis of forest vulnerability to risk related to fire: an example from the coniferous boreal forest of Quebec.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Golchin A, Baldock JA, Clarke P, Higashi T, Oades JM (1997a) The effects of vegetation and burning on the chemical composition of soil organic matter of a volcanic ash soil as shown by 13C NMR spectroscopy. II. Density fractions. Geoderma 76, 175–192.
| The effects of vegetation and burning on the chemical composition of soil organic matter of a volcanic ash soil as shown by 13C NMR spectroscopy. II. Density fractions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Golchin A, Clarke P, Baldock JA, Higashi T, Skjemstad JO, Oades JM (1997b) The effects of vegetation and burning on the chemical composition of soil organic matter in a volcanic ash soil as shown by 13C NMR spectroscopy. I. Whole soil and humic acid fraction. Geoderma 76, 155–174.
| The effects of vegetation and burning on the chemical composition of soil organic matter in a volcanic ash soil as shown by 13C NMR spectroscopy. I. Whole soil and humic acid fraction.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
González-Pérez JA, González-Vila FJ, Almendros G, Knicker H (2004) The effect of fire on soil organic matter – a review. Environment International 30, 855–870.
| The effect of fire on soil organic matter – a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15120204PubMed |
Haider K (1992) Problems related to the humification processes in soils of temperate climates. In ‘Soil Biochemistry’, Vol. 7. (Eds G Stotzky, J-M Bollag) pp. 55–94. (CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL)
Hammes K, Smernik RJ, Skjemstad JO, Herzog A, Vogt UF, Schmidt MWI (2006) Synthesis and characterisation of laboratory-charred grass straw (Oryza sativa) and chestnut wood (Castanea sativa) as reference materials for black carbon quantification. Organic Geochemistry 37, 1629–1633.
| Synthesis and characterisation of laboratory-charred grass straw (Oryza sativa) and chestnut wood (Castanea sativa) as reference materials for black carbon quantification.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hart SC, DeLuca TH, Newman GS, MacKenzie MD, Boyle SI (2005) Post-fire vegetative dynamics as drivers of microbial community structure and function in forest soils. Forest Ecology and Management 220, 166–184.
| Post-fire vegetative dynamics as drivers of microbial community structure and function in forest soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hockaday WC, Grannas AM, Kim S, Hatcher PG (2006) Direct molecular evidence for the degradation and mobility of black carbon in soils from ultrahigh-resolution mass spectral analysis of dissolved organic matter from a fire-impacted forest soil. Organic Geochemistry 37, 501–510.
| Direct molecular evidence for the degradation and mobility of black carbon in soils from ultrahigh-resolution mass spectral analysis of dissolved organic matter from a fire-impacted forest soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hockaday WC, Grannas AM, Kim S, Hatcher PG (2007) The transformation and mobility of charcoal in a fire-impacted watershed. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 71, 3432–344.
| The transformation and mobility of charcoal in a fire-impacted watershed.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hockaday WC, Purcell JM, Marshall AG, Baldock JA, Hatcher PG (2009) Electrospray and photoionization mass spectrometry for the characterization of organic matter in natural waters: a qualitative assessment. Limnology and Oceanography, Methods 7, 81–95.
| Electrospray and photoionization mass spectrometry for the characterization of organic matter in natural waters: a qualitative assessment.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Högberg P, Högberg MN, Göttlicher SG, Betson NR, Keel SG, Metcalfe DB, Campbell C, Schindlbacher A, Hurry V, Lundmark T, Linder S, Näsholm T (2007) High temporal resolution tracing of photosynthate carbon from the tree canopy to forest soil microorganisms. New Phytologist 177, 220–228.
| High temporal resolution tracing of photosynthate carbon from the tree canopy to forest soil microorganisms.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17944822PubMed |
Holden SR, Gutierrez A, Treseder KK (2013) Changes in soil fungal communities, extracellular enzyme activities, and litter decomposition across a fire chronosequence in Alaskan boreal forests. Ecosystems 16, 34–46.
| Changes in soil fungal communities, extracellular enzyme activities, and litter decomposition across a fire chronosequence in Alaskan boreal forests.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Ide J, Ohashi M, Takahashi K, Sugiyama Y, Piirainen S, Kortelainen P, Fujitake N, Yamase K, Ohte N, Moritani M, Hara M, Finér L (2017) Spatial variations in the molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter in water moving through a boreal forest in eastern Finland. Scientific Reports 7, 42102
| Spatial variations in the molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter in water moving through a boreal forest in eastern Finland.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28186141PubMed |
Ide J, Makita N, Jeong S, Yamase K, Ohashi M (2019) The contribution of coniferous canopy to the molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter in rainfall. Water 11, 167
| The contribution of coniferous canopy to the molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter in rainfall.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Johnstone JF, Chapin FS (2006) Fire interval effects on successional trajectory in boreal forests of Northwest Canada. Ecosystems 9, 268–277.
| Fire interval effects on successional trajectory in boreal forests of Northwest Canada.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kilpeläinen A, Kellomäki S, Strandman H, Venäläinen A (2010) Climate change impacts on forest fire potential in boreal conditions in Finland. Climatic Change 103, 383–398.
| Climate change impacts on forest fire potential in boreal conditions in Finland.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kim S, Kramer RW, Hatcher PG (2003a) Graphical method for analysis of ultrahigh-resolution broadband mass spectra of natural organic matter, the Van Krevelen diagram. Analytical Chemistry 75, 5336–5344.
| Graphical method for analysis of ultrahigh-resolution broadband mass spectra of natural organic matter, the Van Krevelen diagram.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 14710810PubMed |
Kim S, Simpson AJ, Kujawinski EB, Freitas MA, Hatcher PG (2003b) High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 2D solution NMR for the analysis of DOM extracted by C18 solid phase disk. Organic Geochemistry 34, 1325–1335.
| High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 2D solution NMR for the analysis of DOM extracted by C18 solid phase disk.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Klotzbücher T, Kaiser K, Guggenberger G, Gatzek C, Kalbitz K (2011) A new conceptual model for the fate of lignin in decomposing plant litter. Ecology 92, 1052–1062.
| A new conceptual model for the fate of lignin in decomposing plant litter.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21661566PubMed |
Knicker H (2007) How does fire affect the nature and stability of soil organic nitrogen and carbon? A review. Biogeochemistry 85, 91–118.
| How does fire affect the nature and stability of soil organic nitrogen and carbon? A review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kögel-Knabner I (2002) The macromolecular organic composition of plant and microbial residues as inputs to soil organic matter. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 34, 139–162.
| The macromolecular organic composition of plant and microbial residues as inputs to soil organic matter.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Köster K, Berninger F, Lindén A, Köster E, Pumpanen J (2014) Recovery in fungal biomass is related to decrease in soil organic matter turnover time in a boreal fire chronosequence. Geoderma 235–236, 74–82.
| Recovery in fungal biomass is related to decrease in soil organic matter turnover time in a boreal fire chronosequence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Köster K, Berninger F, Heinonsalo J, Linden A, Koster E, Ilvesniemi H, Pumpanen J (2016) The long-term impact of low-intensity surface fires on litter decomposition and enzyme activities in boreal coniferous forests. International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, 213
| The long-term impact of low-intensity surface fires on litter decomposition and enzyme activities in boreal coniferous forests.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Martin JP, Haider K, Kassim G (1980) Biodegradation and stabilization after 2 years of specific crop, lignin, and polysaccharide carbons in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 44, 1250
| Biodegradation and stabilization after 2 years of specific crop, lignin, and polysaccharide carbons in soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Masiello CA (2004) New directions in black carbon organic geochemistry. Marine Chemistry 92, 201–213.
| New directions in black carbon organic geochemistry.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nardi S, Tosoni M, Pizzeghello D, Provenzano MR, Cilenti A, Sturaro A, Rella R, Vianello A (2005) Chemical characteristics and biological activity of organic substances extracted from soils by root exudates. Soil Science Society of America Journal 69, 2012
| Chemical characteristics and biological activity of organic substances extracted from soils by root exudates.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Norwood MJ, Louchouarn P, Kuo L, Harvey OR (2013) Characterization and biodegradation of water-soluble biomarkers and organic carbon extracted from low temperature chars. Organic Geochemistry 56, 111–119.
| Characterization and biodegradation of water-soluble biomarkers and organic carbon extracted from low temperature chars.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
O’Donnell JA, Aiken GR, Butler KD, Guillemette F, Podgorski DC, Spencer RGM (2016) DOM composition and transformation in boreal forest soils: the effects of temperature and organic-horizon decomposition state. Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences 121, 2727–2744.
| DOM composition and transformation in boreal forest soils: the effects of temperature and organic-horizon decomposition state.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Palviainen M, Pumpanen J, Berninger F, Ritala K, Duan B, Heinonsalo J, Sun H, Köster E, Köster K (2017) Nitrogen balance along a northern boreal forest fire chronosequence. PLOS ONE 12, e0174720
| Nitrogen balance along a northern boreal forest fire chronosequence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28358884PubMed |
Preston CM, Schmidt MWI (2006) Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions. Biogeosciences 3, 397–420.
| Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pumpanen JS, Heinonsalo J, Rasilo T, Hurme K-R, Ilvesniemi H (2009) Carbon balance and allocation of assimilated CO2 in Scots pine, Norway spruce, and Silver birch seedlings determined with gas exchange measurements and 14C pulse labelling. Trees 23, 611–621.
| Carbon balance and allocation of assimilated CO2 in Scots pine, Norway spruce, and Silver birch seedlings determined with gas exchange measurements and 14C pulse labelling.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
R Core Team (2017) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. Available at https://www.r-project.org/ [Verified January 2020]
Roebuck JA, Seidel M, Dittmar T, Jaffé R (2018) Land use controls on the spatial variability of dissolved black carbon in a subtropical watershed. Environmental Science & Technology 52, 8104–8114.
| Land use controls on the spatial variability of dissolved black carbon in a subtropical watershed.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Roth V-N, Dittmar T, Gaupp R, Gleixner G (2015) The molecular composition of dissolved organic matter in forest soils as a function of pH and temperature. PLOS ONE 10, e0119188
| The molecular composition of dissolved organic matter in forest soils as a function of pH and temperature.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 25793306PubMed |
Santín C, Doerr SH, Kane ES, Masiello CA, Ohlson M, de la Rosa JM, Preston CM, Dittmar T (2016) Towards a global assessment of pyrogenic carbon from vegetation fires. Global Change Biology 22, 76–91.
| Towards a global assessment of pyrogenic carbon from vegetation fires.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26010729PubMed |
Schmidt MWI, Noack AG (2000) Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 14, 777–793.
| Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Shneour EA (1966) Oxidation of graphitic carbon in certain soils. Science 151, 991–992.
| Oxidation of graphitic carbon in certain soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17796780PubMed |
Stubbins A, Silva LM, Dittmar T, Van Stan JT (2017) Molecular and optical properties of tree-derived dissolved organic matter in throughfall and stemflow from live oaks and eastern red cedar. Frontiers of Earth Science 5, 1–13.
| Molecular and optical properties of tree-derived dissolved organic matter in throughfall and stemflow from live oaks and eastern red cedar.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Sun H, Santalahti M, Pumpanen J, Köster K, Berninger F, Raffaello T, Jumpponen A, Asiegbu FO, Heinonsalo J (2015) Fungal community shifts in structure and function across a boreal forest fire chronosequence. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, 7869–7880.
| Fungal community shifts in structure and function across a boreal forest fire chronosequence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26341215PubMed |
Wagner S, Ding Y, Jaffé R (2017) A new perspective on the apparent solubility of dissolved black carbon. Frontiers of Earth Science 5, 1–16.
| A new perspective on the apparent solubility of dissolved black carbon.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Ward DS, Shevliakova E, Malyshev S, Rabin S (2018) Trends and variability of global fire emissions due to historical anthropogenic activities. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 32, 122–142.
| Trends and variability of global fire emissions due to historical anthropogenic activities.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
