Fire severity alters spatio–temporal movements and habitat utilisation by an arboreal marsupial, the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami)
L. E. Berry A C , D. B. Lindenmayer A , T. E. Dennis B , D. A. Driscoll A and S. C. Banks A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A The Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
B School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1042, New Zealand.
C Corresponding author. Email: Laurence.Berry@anu.edu.au
International Journal of Wildland Fire 25(12) 1291-1302 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF15204
Submitted: 27 November 2015 Accepted: 10 August 2016 Published: 20 October 2016
Abstract
Understanding how severe wildfires influence faunal movement is essential for predicting how changes in fire regimes will affect ecosystems. We examined the effects of fire severity distribution on spatial and temporal variation in movement of an Australian arboreal mammal, the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami). We used GPS telemetry to characterise the movements of 18 possums in landscapes burnt to differing extents by a large wildfire. We identified a temporal change in movement patterns in response to fire. In unburnt landscapes, individuals moved greater distances early and late in the night and had less overlap in the areas used for foraging and denning, than in high-severity burnt landscapes. Habitat selection was dependent on the spatial context of fire in the surrounding landscape. Forest recently burnt at high severity may provide suitable habitat for species such as the mountain brushtail possum, if protected from subsequent disturbance, such as salvage logging. However, spatial and temporal patterns of habitat use and selection differ considerably between burnt and undisturbed landscapes. The spatial outcomes of ecological disturbances such as wildfires have the potential to alter the behaviour and functional roles of fauna across large areas.
Additional keywords: biodiversity, ecosystems, fire regimes, mosaic, post-fire effects.
References
Banks SC, Knight EJ, McBurney L, Blair D, Lindenmayer DB (2011) The effects of wildfire on mortality and resources for an arboreal marsupial: resilience to fire events but susceptibility to fire regime change. PLoS One 6, e22952| The effects of wildfire on mortality and resources for an arboreal marsupial: resilience to fire events but susceptibility to fire regime change.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtFWitLvI&md5=b820c066439406d0f60b32cd868ee8ccCAS | 21826221PubMed |
Banks SC, Lindenmayer DB, Wood JT, McBurney L, Blair D, Blyton MD (2013) Can individual and social patterns of resource use buffer animal populations against resource decline? PLoS One 8, e53672
| Can individual and social patterns of resource use buffer animal populations against resource decline?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtFarsrg%3D&md5=3f0308cbf3b05b316b3c9162d7bbd4d0CAS | 23320100PubMed |
Banks SC, Lorin T, Shaw RE, McBurney L, Blair D, Blyton MD, Smith AL, Pierson JC, Lindenmayer DB (2015) Fine‐scale refuges can buffer demographic and genetic processes against short‐term climatic variation and disturbance: a 22‐year case study of an arboreal marsupial. Molecular Ecology 24, 3831–3845.
| Fine‐scale refuges can buffer demographic and genetic processes against short‐term climatic variation and disturbance: a 22‐year case study of an arboreal marsupial.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26089175PubMed |
Berry LE, Driscoll DA, Banks SC, Lindenmayer DB (2015a) The use of topographic fire refuges by the greater glider (Petauroides volans) and the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) following a landscape-scale fire. Australian Mammalogy 37, 39–45.
| The use of topographic fire refuges by the greater glider (Petauroides volans) and the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) following a landscape-scale fire.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Berry LE, Driscoll DA, Stein JA, Blanchard W, Banks SC, Bradstock RA, Lindenmayer DB (2015b) Identifying the location of fire refuges in wet forest ecosystems. Ecological Applications 25, 2337–2348.
| Identifying the location of fire refuges in wet forest ecosystems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26910959PubMed |
Berry LE, Lindenmayer DB, Driscoll DA (2015c) Large unburnt areas, not small unburnt patches, are needed to conserve avian diversity in fire‐prone landscapes. Journal of Applied Ecology 52, 486–495.
| Large unburnt areas, not small unburnt patches, are needed to conserve avian diversity in fire‐prone landscapes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Beyer, HL (2015) Geospatial Modelling Environment, ver. 0.7.4.0. Available at http://www.spatialecology.com/gme [Verified 30 August 2016]
Blyton MD, Lindenmayer DB, Banks SC (2014) Maternal lineages best explain the associations of a semisocial marsupial. Behavioral Ecology 25, 1212–1222.
| Maternal lineages best explain the associations of a semisocial marsupial.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bond WJ, Keeley JE (2005) Fire as a global ‘herbivore’: the ecology and evolution of flammable ecosystems. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 20, 387–394.
| Fire as a global ‘herbivore’: the ecology and evolution of flammable ecosystems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bond WJ, Woodward FI, Midgley GF (2005) The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire. New Phytologist 165, 525–538.
| The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M%2Fpt1OktQ%3D%3D&md5=8739cb4b707ce3d9c87c4c725b995a18CAS | 15720663PubMed |
Börger L, Franconi N, De Michele G, Gantz A, Meschi F, Manica A, Lovari S, Coulson T (2006) Effects of sampling regime on the mean and variance of home range size estimates. Journal of Animal Ecology 75, 1393–1405.
| Effects of sampling regime on the mean and variance of home range size estimates.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17032372PubMed |
Bowman D, Balch JK, Artaxo P, Bond WJ, Carlson JM, Cochrane MA, D’Antonio CM, DeFries RS, Doyle JC, Harrison SP, Johnston FH, Keeley JE, Krawchuk MA, Kull CA, Marston JB, Moritz MA, Prentice IC, Roos CI, Scott AC, Swetnam TW, van der Werf GR, Pyne SJ (2009) Fire in the Earth system. Science 324, 481–484.
| Fire in the Earth system.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXkvVGmtb8%3D&md5=780bfbd84d8f3d0390bfe1cab7be1fd6CAS | 19390038PubMed |
Bradstock RA, Williams JE, Gill AM (2002) ‘Flammable Australia: the fire regimes and biodiversity of a continent.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne)
Chapin FS, Matson PA, Vitousek P (2011) ‘Principles of terrestrial ecosystem ecology.’ (Springer Science & Business Media: New York)
Clarke MF (2008) Catering for the needs of fauna in fire management: science or just wishful thinking? Wildlife Research 35, 385–394.
Bradstock RA, Bedward M, Gill AM, Cohn JS (2005) Which mosaic? A landscape ecological approach for evaluating interactions between fire regimes, habitat and animals. Wildlife Research 32, 409–423.
| Which mosaic? A landscape ecological approach for evaluating interactions between fire regimes, habitat and animals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Collins L, Bradstock RA, Tasker EM, Whelan RJ (2012) Can gullies preserve complex forest structure in frequently burnt landscapes? Biological Conservation 153, 177–186.
| Can gullies preserve complex forest structure in frequently burnt landscapes?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dees CS, Clark JD, Van Manen FT (2001) Florida panther habitat use in response to prescribed fire. The Journal of Wildlife Management 65, 141–147.
| Florida panther habitat use in response to prescribed fire.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gibbons P, Lindenmayer D (1996) Issues associated with the retention of hollow-bearing trees within eucalypt forests managed for wood production. Forest Ecology and Management 83, 245–279.
| Issues associated with the retention of hollow-bearing trees within eucalypt forests managed for wood production.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gibbons P, van Bommel L, Gill AM, Cary GJ, Driscoll DA, Bradstock RA, Knight E, Moritz MA, Stephens SL, Lindenmayer DB (2012) Land management practices associated with house loss in wildfires. PLoS One 7, e29212
| Land management practices associated with house loss in wildfires.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVyktbY%3D&md5=bc824ff90b9125e7fec52740954b84a4CAS | 22279530PubMed |
Guilford T, Meade J, Freeman R, Biro D, Evans T, Bonadonna F, Boyle D, Roberts S, Perrins C (2008) GPS tracking of the foraging movements of Manx shearwaters Puffinus puffinus breeding on Skomer Island, Wales. The Ibis 150, 462–473.
| GPS tracking of the foraging movements of Manx shearwaters Puffinus puffinus breeding on Skomer Island, Wales.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hebblewhite M, Haydon DT (2010) Distinguishing technology from biology: a critical review of the use of GPS telemetry data in ecology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 365, 2303–2312.
| Distinguishing technology from biology: a critical review of the use of GPS telemetry data in ecology.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20566506PubMed |
Hutto RL, Gallo SM (2006) The effects of postfire salvage logging on cavity-nesting birds. The Condor 108, 817–831.
| The effects of postfire salvage logging on cavity-nesting birds.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Johnstone JF, Chapin FS (2006) Effects of soil burn severity on post-fire tree recruitment in boreal forest. Ecosystems 9, 14–31.
| Effects of soil burn severity on post-fire tree recruitment in boreal forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kelly LT, Nimmo DG, Spence-Bailey LM, Taylor RS, Watson SJ, Clarke MF, Bennett AF (2012) Managing fire mosaics for small mammal conservation: a landscape perspective. Journal of Applied Ecology 49, 412–421.
| Managing fire mosaics for small mammal conservation: a landscape perspective.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Klop E, van Goethem J, de Iongh HH (2007) Resource selection by grazing herbivores on post-fire regrowth in a West African woodland savanna. Wildlife Research 34, 77–83.
| Resource selection by grazing herbivores on post-fire regrowth in a West African woodland savanna.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lentile LB, Smith FW, Shepperd WD (2006) Influence of topography and forest structure on patterns of mixed severity fire in ponderosa pine forests of the South Dakota Black Hills, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire 15, 557–566.
| Influence of topography and forest structure on patterns of mixed severity fire in ponderosa pine forests of the South Dakota Black Hills, USA.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Leonard SW, Bennett AF, Clarke MF (2014) Determinants of the occurrence of unburnt forest patches: potential biotic refuges within a large, intense wildfire in south-eastern Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 314, 85–93.
| Determinants of the occurrence of unburnt forest patches: potential biotic refuges within a large, intense wildfire in south-eastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer D (2009) ‘Forest pattern and ecological process: a synthesis of 25 years of research.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne)
Lindenmayer D, Noss R (2006) Salvage logging, ecosystem processes, and biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology 20, 949–958.
| Salvage logging, ecosystem processes, and biodiversity conservation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD28vpslyitg%3D%3D&md5=8fdb239867a101c4d3fe87c7aa379157CAS | 16922212PubMed |
Lindenmayer D, Ough K (2006) Salvage logging in the montane ash eucalypt forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria and its potential impacts on biodiversity. Conservation Biology 20, 1005–1015.
| Salvage logging in the montane ash eucalypt forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria and its potential impacts on biodiversity.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD28vpslyiuw%3D%3D&md5=c3855efc8aef4656472974d9ed7ab49bCAS | 16922217PubMed |
Lindenmayer D, Cunningham R, Tanton M, Smith A, Nix H (1990) Habitat requirements of the mountain brushtail possum and the greater glider in the montane ash-type eucalypt forests of the central highlands of Victoria. Wildlife Research 17, 467–478.
| Habitat requirements of the mountain brushtail possum and the greater glider in the montane ash-type eucalypt forests of the central highlands of Victoria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer D, Cunningham R, Donnelly C, Triggs B, Belvedere M (1994) The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia V. Patterns of use and the microhabitat requirements of the mountain brushtail possum Trichosurus caninus Ogilby in retained linear habitats (wildlife corridors). Biological Conservation 68, 43–51.
| The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia V. Patterns of use and the microhabitat requirements of the mountain brushtail possum Trichosurus caninus Ogilby in retained linear habitats (wildlife corridors).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer D, Welsh A, Donnelly C, Cunningham R (1996) Use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). II. Characteristics of occupied trees. Wildlife Research 23, 531–545.
| Use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). II. Characteristics of occupied trees.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer D, Welsh A, Donnelly C (1998) The use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). V. Synthesis of studies. Wildlife Research 25, 627–634.
| The use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). V. Synthesis of studies.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer DB, Wood J, McBurney L, Michael D, Crane M, Macgregor C, Montague-Drake R, Gibbons P, Banks SC (2011) Cross-sectional vs. longitudinal research: a case study of trees with hollows and marsupials in Australian forests. Ecological Monographs 81, 557–580.
| Cross-sectional vs. longitudinal research: a case study of trees with hollows and marsupials in Australian forests.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer DB, Blanchard W, McBurney L, Blair D, Banks SC, Driscoll D, Smith AL, Gill AM (2013) Fire severity and landscape context effects on arboreal marsupials. Biological Conservation 167, 137–148.
| Fire severity and landscape context effects on arboreal marsupials.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Mackey B, Lindenmayer D, Gill M, McCarthy M, Lindesay J (2002) ‘Wildlife, fire and future climate: a forest ecosystem analysis.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne)
Mackey B, Berry S, Hugh S, Ferrier S, Harwood TD, Williams KJ (2012) Ecosystem greenspots: identifying potential drought, fire, and climate-change micro-refuges. Ecological Applications 22, 1852–1864.
| Ecosystem greenspots: identifying potential drought, fire, and climate-change micro-refuges.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23092021PubMed |
Marzluff JM, Millspaugh JJ, Hurvitz P, Handcock MS (2004) Relating resources to a probabilistic measure of space use: forest fragments and Steller’s jays. Ecology 85, 1411–1427.
| Relating resources to a probabilistic measure of space use: forest fragments and Steller’s jays.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Matthews A, Lunney D, Gresser S, Maitz W (2007) Tree use by koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) after fire in remnant coastal forest. Wildlife Research 34, 84–93.
| Tree use by koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) after fire in remnant coastal forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Millspaugh JJ, Nielson RM, McDonald L, Marzluff JM, Gitzen RA, Rittenhouse CD, Hubbard MW, Sheriff SL (2006) Analysis of resource selection using utilization distributions. The Journal of Wildlife Management 70, 384–395.
| Analysis of resource selection using utilization distributions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nappi A, Drapeau P (2011) Pre-fire forest conditions and fire severity as determinants of the quality of burned forests for deadwood-dependent species: the case of the black-backed woodpecker. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, 994–1003.
| Pre-fire forest conditions and fire severity as determinants of the quality of burned forests for deadwood-dependent species: the case of the black-backed woodpecker.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nappi A, Drapeau P, Saint-Germain M, Angers VA (2010) Effect of fire severity on long-term occupancy of burned boreal conifer forests by saproxylic insects and wood-foraging birds. International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, 500–511.
| Effect of fire severity on long-term occupancy of burned boreal conifer forests by saproxylic insects and wood-foraging birds.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nathan R, Getz WM, Revilla E, Holyoak M, Kadmon R, Saltz D, Smouse PE (2008) A movement ecology paradigm for unifying organismal movement research. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105, 19052–19059.
| A movement ecology paradigm for unifying organismal movement research.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsFamurfP&md5=52e030ec7f8751dcca63e68a03aab58eCAS | 19060196PubMed |
Ne’eman G, Izhaki I (1998) Stability of pre‐and post‐fire spatial structure of pine trees in Aleppo pine forest. Ecography 21, 535–542.
| Stability of pre‐and post‐fire spatial structure of pine trees in Aleppo pine forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nugent DT, Leonard SW, Clarke MF (2014) Interactions between the superb lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae) and fire in south-eastern Australia. Wildlife Research 41, 203–211.
| Interactions between the superb lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae) and fire in south-eastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
O’Brien TG, Kinnaird MF, Nurcahyo A, Prasetyaningrum M, Iqbal M (2003) Fire, demography and the persistence of simang (Symphalangus syndactylus: Hylobatidae) in a Sumatran rainforest. Animal Conservation 6, 115–121.
| Fire, demography and the persistence of simang (Symphalangus syndactylus: Hylobatidae) in a Sumatran rainforest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Parr CL, Andersen AN (2006) Patch mosaic burning for biodiversity conservation: a critique of the pyrodiversity paradigm. Conservation Biology 20, 1610–1619.
| Patch mosaic burning for biodiversity conservation: a critique of the pyrodiversity paradigm.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17181796PubMed |
Perry DA, Hessburg PF, Skinner CN, Spies TA, Stephens SL, Taylor AH, Franklin JF, McComb B, Riegel G (2011) The ecology of mixed severity fire regimes in Washington, Oregon, and Northern California. Forest Ecology and Management 262, 703–717.
| The ecology of mixed severity fire regimes in Washington, Oregon, and Northern California.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
R Core Team (2005) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available at http://www.R-project.org/ [Verified 18 August 2016]
Robinson NM, Leonard SWJ, Bennett AF, Clarke MF (2014) Refuges for birds in fire-prone landscapes: the influence of fire severity and fire history on the distribution of forest birds. Forest Ecology and Management 318, 110–121.
| Refuges for birds in fire-prone landscapes: the influence of fire severity and fire history on the distribution of forest birds.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Russell B, Smith B, Augee M (2003) Changes to a population of common ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) after bushfire. Wildlife Research 30, 389–396.
| Changes to a population of common ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) after bushfire.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Schmiegelow FK, Stepnisky DP, Stambaugh CA, Koivula M (2006) Reconciling salvage logging of boreal forests with a natural‐disturbance management model. Conservation Biology 20, 971–983.
| Reconciling salvage logging of boreal forests with a natural‐disturbance management model.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16922214PubMed |
Seebeck, J, Warneke, R, Baxter, B (1984) Diet of the bobuck, Trichosurus caninus (Ogilby) (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae) in a mountain forest in Victoria. In ‘Possums and gliders’ (Eds AP Smith, ID Hume) pp. 145–154. (Surrey Beatty: Chipping Norton, UK)
Shamoun-Baranes J, Bom R, van Loon EE, Ens BJ, Oosterbeek K, Bouten W (2012) From sensor data to animal behaviour: an oystercatcher example. PLoS One 7, e37997
| From sensor data to animal behaviour: an oystercatcher example.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XosVemsLo%3D&md5=bcf5a1a17365ceb30437a27ccaf615fcCAS | 22693586PubMed |
Smith AL, Blair D, McBurney L, Banks SC, Barton PS, Blanchard W, Driscoll DA, Gill AM, Lindenmayer DB (2014) Dominant drivers of seedling establishment in a fire-dependent obligate seeder: climate or fire regimes? Ecosystems 17, 258–270.
| Dominant drivers of seedling establishment in a fire-dependent obligate seeder: climate or fire regimes?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Taylor RS, Watson SJ, Nimmo DG, Kelly LT, Bennett AF, Clarke MF (2012) Landscape-scale effects of fire on bird assemblages: does pyrodiversity beget biodiversity? Diversity & Distributions 18, 519–529.
| Landscape-scale effects of fire on bird assemblages: does pyrodiversity beget biodiversity?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Teague B, McLeod R, Pascoe S (2010) Final report, 2009 Victorian bushfires royal commission. Parliament of Victoria, Melbourne.
Torre I, Díaz M (2004) Small mammal abundance in Mediterranean post-fire habitats: a role for predators? Acta Oecologica 25, 137–142.
| Small mammal abundance in Mediterranean post-fire habitats: a role for predators?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vernes K, Pope LC (2001) Stability of nest range, home range and movement of the northern bettong (Bettongia tropica) following moderate-intensity fire in a tropical woodland, north-eastern Queensland. Wildlife Research 28, 141–150.
| Stability of nest range, home range and movement of the northern bettong (Bettongia tropica) following moderate-intensity fire in a tropical woodland, north-eastern Queensland.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Viggers K, Lindenmayer D (1995) The use of tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride for sedation of the mountain brushtail possun Trichosurus caninus Ogilby (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). Australian Veterinary Journal 72, 215–216.
| The use of tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride for sedation of the mountain brushtail possun Trichosurus caninus Ogilby (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXosVCmtr0%3D&md5=17c5359ee2e233cf23cdf34811d912f9CAS | 8526814PubMed |
Votier SC, Grecian WJ, Patrick S, Newton J (2011) Inter-colony movements, at-sea behaviour and foraging in an immature seabird: results from GPS-PPT tracking, radio-tracking and stable isotope analysis. Marine Biology 158, 355–362.
| Inter-colony movements, at-sea behaviour and foraging in an immature seabird: results from GPS-PPT tracking, radio-tracking and stable isotope analysis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXmsVyjsg%3D%3D&md5=762076d30cfe6285cc6757a8af6ccf4cCAS |
Welsh A, Lindenmayer D, Donnelly C, Ruckstuhl A (1998) Use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). IV. Transitions between den trees. Wildlife Research 25, 611–625.
| Use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia). IV. Transitions between den trees.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Williams PR (2000) Fire-stimulated rainforest seedling recruitment and vegetative regeneration in a densely grassed wet sclerophyll forest of north-eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 48, 651–658.
| Fire-stimulated rainforest seedling recruitment and vegetative regeneration in a densely grassed wet sclerophyll forest of north-eastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Winter J (1980) Tooth wear as an age index in a population of the brush-tailed possum, Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr). Wildlife Research 7, 359–363.
| Tooth wear as an age index in a population of the brush-tailed possum, Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
With KA, Cadaret SJ, Davis C (1999) Movement responses to patch structure in experimental fractal landscapes. Ecology 80, 1340–1353.
| Movement responses to patch structure in experimental fractal landscapes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Wood SN (2001) mgcv: GAMs and generalized ridge regression for R R news 1, 20–25.
Yospin GI, Wood SW, Holz A, Bowman DM, Keane RE, Whitlock C (2015) Modeling vegetation mosaics in sub-alpine Tasmania under various fire regimes. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment 1, 16
| Modeling vegetation mosaics in sub-alpine Tasmania under various fire regimes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
