Condom social marketing in sub-Saharan Africa and the Total Market Approach
Steven Chapman A B , Krishna Jafa A , Kim Longfield A , Nadja Vielot A , Justin Buszin A , Lek Ngamkitpaiboon A and Megan Kays A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Population Services International, 1120 19th Street, NW #600, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
B Corresponding author. Email: schapman@psi.org
Sexual Health 9(1) 44-50 https://doi.org/10.1071/SH10165
Submitted: 23 December 2010 Accepted: 12 May 2011 Published: 17 October 2011
Abstract
Background: Social marketing interventions are important in developing nations. Both increasing use and shifting users from receiving subsidised condoms need to be pursued using a Total Market Approach (TMA). This paper reviews the performance of social marketing through a cross-country comparison of condom use, equity and market share, plus a case study illustrating how TMA can be applied. Methods: Demographic and Health Survey data (1998–2007) provide condom use trends, concentration indices and sources of supply by gender for 11 African countries. Service delivery information and market research provide market share data for the same period. For the case study, two-yearly surveys (2001–09) are the source of condom trends, and retail audit data (2007–09) provide sustainability data. Results: Among women, condom use with a non-marital, non-cohabiting partner increased significantly in 7 of 11 countries. For men, 5 of 11 countries showed an increase in condom use. Equity improved for men in five countries and was achieved in two; for women, equity improved in three. Most obtained condoms from shops and pharmacies; social marketing was the dominant source of supply. Data from Kenya were informative for TMA, showing improvements in condom use over time, but sustainability results were mixed and equity was not measured. Overall market value and number of brands increased; however, subsidies increased over time. Conclusions: Condom social marketing interventions have advanced and achieved the goals of improving use and making condoms available in the private sector. It is time to manage interventions and influence markets to improve equity and sustainability.
Additional keywords: condom use, equity, Kenya, market share.
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