Exploring early differentiation and pluripotency in domestic animals
R. Michael Roberts A B C , Ye Yuan A and Toshihiko Ezashi A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 245 Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
B Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
C Corresponding author. Email: robertsrm@missouri.edu
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29(1) 101-107 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD16292
Published: 2 December 2016
Abstract
This short review describes some general features of the origins of the pluripotent inner cell mass and epiblast during the early development of eutherian mammals and the two kinds of embryonic stem cell (ESC), naïve and primed type, that have been produced from these structures. We point out that the derivation of pluripotent stem cells from domesticated species continues to be fraught with difficulties, most likely because the culture requirements of these cells are distinct from those of mouse and human ESCs. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the domesticated species has been more straightforward, although the majority of the iPSC lines remain dependent on the continued expression of one or more integrated reprogramming genes. Although hope for the potential usefulness of these cells in genetic modification of livestock and other domestic species has dimmed, ESCs and iPSCs remain our best source of self-renewing populations of pluripotent cells, with potential usefulness in preserving and propagating valuable animal breeds and making contributions to fields such as regenerative medicine, toxicology and even laboratory meat production.
Additional keywords: blastocyst, embryonic stem cell, epiblast, induced pluripotent stem cell, inner cell mass.
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