Register      Login
Reproduction, Fertility and Development Reproduction, Fertility and Development Society
Vertebrate reproductive science and technology
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effects of putrescine on the quality and epigenetic modification of mouse oocytes during in vitro maturation

Chennan Shi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0618-1829 A , Zhengjie Yan A , Yuexin Zhang A , Lianju Qin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6978 A , Wei Wu A , Chao Gao A , Li Gao A , Jiayin Liu A and Yugui Cui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2866-6096 A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China.

* Correspondence to: cuiygnj@njmu.edu.cn

Handling Editor: Ryan Cabot

Reproduction, Fertility and Development 34(15) 957-970 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD22064
Published online: 29 August 2022

© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Context: Low ovarian putrescine levels and decreased peak values following luteinising hormone peaks are related to poor oocyte quantity and quality in ageing women.

Aims: To investigate the effects of putrescine supplementation in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium on oocyte quality and epigenetic modification.

Methods: Germinal vesicle oocytes retrieved from the ovaries of 8-week-old and 9-month-old mice were divided into four groups (the young, young + difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), ageing and ageing + putrescine groups) and cultured in IVM medium with or without 1 mM putrescine or DFMO for 16 h. The first polar body extrusion (PBE), cleavage and embryonic development were evaluated. Spindles, chromosomes, mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. The expression levels of SIRT1, H3K9ac, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, and 5mC levels were evaluated. Sirt1 and imprinted genes were detected.

Results: The PBE was higher in the ageing + putrescine group than in the ageing group. Putrescine increased the total and inner cell mass cell numbers of blastocysts in ageing oocytes. Putrescine decreased aberrant spindles and chromosome aneuploidy, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ROS levels. Putrescine increased SIRT1 expression and attenuated the upregulation of H3K9ac levels in ageing oocytes. Putrescine did not affect 5mC, H3K9me2 or H3K9me3 levels or imprinted gene expression.

Conclusions: Putrescine supplementation during IVM improved the maturation and quality of ageing oocytes and promoted embryonic development by decreasing ROS generation, maintaining mitochondrial and spindle function and correcting aberrant epigenetic modification.

Implications: Putrescine shows application potential for human-assisted reproduction, especially for IVM of oocytes from ageing women.

Keywords: embryonic development, epigenetic modification, imprinted genes, in vitro maturation, mitochondria, oocyte quality, putrescine, spindle.


References

Adamkova, K, Yi, Y-J, Petr, J, Zalmanova, T, Hoskova, K, Jelinkova, P, Moravec, J, Kralickova, M, Sutovsky, M, Sutovsky, P, and Nevoral, J (2017). SIRT1-dependent modulation of methylation and acetylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9) in the zygotic pronuclei improves porcine embryo development. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 8, 83.
SIRT1-dependent modulation of methylation and acetylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9) in the zygotic pronuclei improves porcine embryo development.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Akin, N, von Mengden, L, Herta, A-C, Billooye, K, van Leersum, J, Cava-Cami, B, Saucedo-Cuevas, L, Klamt, F, Smitz, J, and Anckaert, E (2021). Glucose metabolism characterization during mouse in vitro maturation identifies alterations in cumulus cellsdagger. Biology of Reproduction 104, 902–913.
Glucose metabolism characterization during mouse in vitro maturation identifies alterations in cumulus cellsdagger.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Akiyama, T, Nagata, M, and Aoki, F (2006). Inadequate histone deacetylation during oocyte meiosis causes aneuploidy and embryo death in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103, 7339–7344.
Inadequate histone deacetylation during oocyte meiosis causes aneuploidy and embryo death in mice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cassidy, FC, and Charalambous, M (2018). Genomic imprinting, growth and maternal–fetal interactions. The Journal of Experimental Biology 221, jeb164517.
Genomic imprinting, growth and maternal–fetal interactions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Chen, C, Zhou, M, Ge, Y, and Wang, X (2020). SIRT1 and aging related signaling pathways. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 187, 111215.
SIRT1 and aging related signaling pathways.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cocero, MJ, Marigorta, P, Novillo, F, Folch, J, Sanchez, P, Alabart, JL, and Lahoz, B (2019). Ovine oocytes display a similar germinal vesicle configuration and global DNA methylation at prepubertal and adult ages. Theriogenology 138, 154–163.
Ovine oocytes display a similar germinal vesicle configuration and global DNA methylation at prepubertal and adult ages.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Eckersley-Maslin, MA, Alda-Catalinas, C, and Reik, W (2018). Dynamics of the epigenetic landscape during the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 19, 436–450.
Dynamics of the epigenetic landscape during the maternal-to-zygotic transition.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Filatov, MA, Nikishin, DA, Khramova, YV, and Semenova, ML (2019). Reference genes selection for real-time quantitative PCR analysis in mouse germinal vesicle oocytes. Zygote 27, 392–397.
Reference genes selection for real-time quantitative PCR analysis in mouse germinal vesicle oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Grabowska, W, Sikora, E, and Bielak-Zmijewska, A (2017). Sirtuins, a promising target in slowing down the ageing process. Biogerontology 18, 447–476.
Sirtuins, a promising target in slowing down the ageing process.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

He, M, Zhang, T, Yang, Y, and Wang, C (2021). Mechanisms of oocyte maturation and related epigenetic regulation. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9, 654028.
Mechanisms of oocyte maturation and related epigenetic regulation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hodges, CA, and Hunt, PA (2002). Simultaneous analysis of chromosomes and chromosome-associated proteins in mammalian oocytes and embryos. Chromosoma 111, 165–169.
Simultaneous analysis of chromosomes and chromosome-associated proteins in mammalian oocytes and embryos.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Huang, J, Ding, C-H, Li, Z-Y, Zhang, X-B, You, Z-S, Zhou, C-Q, and Xu, Y-W (2017). Epigenetic changes of histone deacetylation in murine oocytes matured in vitro versus in vivo. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 21, 2039–2044.

Hussain, T, Tan, B, Ren, W, Rahu, N, Kalhoro, DH, and Yin, Y (2017). Exploring polyamines: functions in embryo/fetal development. Animal Nutrition 3, 7–10.
Exploring polyamines: functions in embryo/fetal development.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Kim, J-M, Liu, H, Tazaki, M, Nagata, M, and Aoki, F (2003). Changes in histone acetylation during mouse oocyte meiosis. Journal of Cell Biology 162, 37–46.
Changes in histone acetylation during mouse oocyte meiosis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Li, E, Bestor, TH, and Jaenisch, R (1992). Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality. Cell 69, 915–926.
Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Liu, XJ (2016). Targeting oocyte maturation to improve fertility in older women. Cell and Tissue Research 363, 57–68.
Targeting oocyte maturation to improve fertility in older women.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Liu, D, Mo, G, Tao, Y, Wang, H, and Liu, XJ (2017). Putrescine supplementation during in vitro maturation of aged mouse oocytes improves the quality of blastocysts. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, 1392–1400.
Putrescine supplementation during in vitro maturation of aged mouse oocytes improves the quality of blastocysts.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Liu, M-J, Sun, A-G, Zhao, S-G, Liu, H, Ma, S-Y, Li, M, Huai, Y-X, Zhao, H, and Liu, H-B (2018). Resveratrol improves in vitro maturation of oocytes in aged mice and humans. Fertility and Sterility 109, 900–907.
Resveratrol improves in vitro maturation of oocytes in aged mice and humans.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Livak, KJ, and Schmittgen, TD (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods 25, 402–408.
Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Manosalva, I, and González, A (2010). Aging changes the chromatin configuration and histone methylation of mouse oocytes at germinal vesicle stage. Theriogenology 74, 1539–1547.
Aging changes the chromatin configuration and histone methylation of mouse oocytes at germinal vesicle stage.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Marshall, KL, and Rivera, RM (2018). The effects of superovulation and reproductive aging on the epigenome of the oocyte and embryo. Molecular Reproduction and Development 85, 90–105.
The effects of superovulation and reproductive aging on the epigenome of the oocyte and embryo.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Navot, D, Bergh, RA, Williams, MA, Garrisi, GJ, Guzman, I, Sandler, B, and Grunfeld, L (1991). Poor oocyte quality rather than implantation failure as a cause of age-related decline in female fertility. The Lancet 337, 1375–1377.
Poor oocyte quality rather than implantation failure as a cause of age-related decline in female fertility.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Perkins, AT, Greig, MM, Sontakke, AA, Peloquin, AS, McPeek, MA, and Bickel, SE (2019). Increased levels of superoxide dismutase suppress meiotic segregation errors in aging oocytes. Chromosoma 128, 215–222.
Increased levels of superoxide dismutase suppress meiotic segregation errors in aging oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Petri, T, Dankert, D, Demond, H, Wennemuth, G, Horsthemke, B, and Grümmer, R (2020). In vitro postovulatory oocyte aging affects H3K9 trimethylation in two-cell embryos after IVF. Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 227, 151424.
In vitro postovulatory oocyte aging affects H3K9 trimethylation in two-cell embryos after IVF.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Renfree, MB, Suzuki, S, and Kaneko-Ishino, T (2013). The origin and evolution of genomic imprinting and viviparity in mammals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, 20120151.
The origin and evolution of genomic imprinting and viviparity in mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Samata, M, Alexiadis, A, Richard, G, Georgiev, P, Nuebler, J, Kulkarni, T, Renschler, G, Basilicata, MF, Zenk, FL, Shvedunova, M, Semplicio, G, Mirny, L, Iovino, N, and Akhtar, A (2020). Intergenerationally maintained histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation is instructive for future gene activation. Cell 182, 127–144.e23.
Intergenerationally maintained histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation is instructive for future gene activation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Sato, M, Toyama, T, Kim, M-S, Lee, J-Y, Hoshi, T, Miura, N, Naganuma, A, and Hwang, G-W (2020). Increased putrescine levels due to ODC1 overexpression prevents mitochondrial dysfunction-related apoptosis induced by methylmercury. Life Sciences 256, 118031.
Increased putrescine levels due to ODC1 overexpression prevents mitochondrial dysfunction-related apoptosis induced by methylmercury.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Scheer, S, and Zaph, C (2017). The lysine methyltransferase G9a in immune cell differentiation and function. Frontiers in Immunology 8, 429.
The lysine methyltransferase G9a in immune cell differentiation and function.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Seli, E, Wang, T, and Horvath, TL (2019). Mitochondrial unfolded protein response: a stress response with implications for fertility and reproductive aging. Fertility and Sterility 111, 197–204.
Mitochondrial unfolded protein response: a stress response with implications for fertility and reproductive aging.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tang, BL (2016). Sirt1 and the mitochondria. Molecules and Cells 39, 87–95.
Sirt1 and the mitochondria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tao, Y, and Liu, XJ (2013). Deficiency of ovarian ornithine decarboxylase contributes to aging-related egg aneuploidy in mice. Aging Cell 12, 42–49.
Deficiency of ovarian ornithine decarboxylase contributes to aging-related egg aneuploidy in mice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tao, Y, Liu, D, Mo, G, Wang, H, and Liu, XJ (2015). Peri-ovulatory putrescine supplementation reduces embryo resorption in older mice. Human Reproduction 30, 1867–1875.
Peri-ovulatory putrescine supplementation reduces embryo resorption in older mice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tao, Y, Tartia, A, Lawson, M, Zelinski, MB, Wu, W, Liu, J-Y, Smitz, J, Leveille, M-C, Leader, A, Wang, H, Ramsay, T, and Liu, XJ (2019). Can peri-ovulatory putrescine supplementation improve egg quality in older infertile women? Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 36, 395–402.
Can peri-ovulatory putrescine supplementation improve egg quality in older infertile women?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tatone, C, Di Emidio, G, Barbonetti, A, Carta, G, Luciano, AM, Falone, S, and Amicarelli, F (2018). Sirtuins in gamete biology and reproductive physiology: emerging roles and therapeutic potential in female and male infertility. Human Reproduction Update 24, 267–289.
Sirtuins in gamete biology and reproductive physiology: emerging roles and therapeutic potential in female and male infertility.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Vachharajani, VT, Liu, T, Wang, X, Hoth, JJ, Yoza, BK, and McCall, CE (2016). Sirtuins link inflammation and metabolism. Journal of Immunology Research 2016, 8167273.
Sirtuins link inflammation and metabolism.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Vrijsen, S, Besora-Casals, L, van Veen, S, Zielich, J, Van den Haute, C, Hamouda, NN, Fischer, C, Ghesquière, B, Tournev, I, Agostinis, P, Baekelandt, V, Eggermont, J, Lambie, E, Martin, S, and Vangheluwe, P (2020). ATP13A2-mediated endo-lysosomal polyamine export counters mitochondrial oxidative stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117, 31198–31207.
ATP13A2-mediated endo-lysosomal polyamine export counters mitochondrial oxidative stress.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Wang, X-H, Yin, S, Ou, X-H, and Luo, S-M (2020). Increase of mitochondria surrounding spindle causes mouse oocytes arrested at metaphase I stage. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 527, 1043–1049.
Increase of mitochondria surrounding spindle causes mouse oocytes arrested at metaphase I stage.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Wutz, A, and Barlow, DP (1998). Imprinting of the mouse Igf2r gene depends on an intronic CpG island. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 140, 9–14.
Imprinting of the mouse Igf2r gene depends on an intronic CpG island.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Xing, X, Zhang, J, Wu, T, Zhang, J, Wang, Y, Su, J, and Zhang, Y (2021). SIRT1 reduces epigenetic and non-epigenetic changes to maintain the quality of postovulatory aged oocytes in mice. Experimental Cell Research 399, 112421.
SIRT1 reduces epigenetic and non-epigenetic changes to maintain the quality of postovulatory aged oocytes in mice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Xu, W, Li, L, Sun, J, Zhu, S, Yan, Z, Gao, L, Gao, C, Cui, Y, and Mao, C (2018). Putrescine delays postovulatory aging of mouse oocytes by upregulating PDK4 expression and improving mitochondrial activity. Aging (Albany NY) 10, 4093–4106.
Putrescine delays postovulatory aging of mouse oocytes by upregulating PDK4 expression and improving mitochondrial activity.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Xu, R, Li, C, Liu, X, and Gao, S (2021). Insights into epigenetic patterns in mammalian early embryos. Protein & Cell 12, 7–28.
Insights into epigenetic patterns in mammalian early embryos.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Zeng, J, Jiang, M, Wu, X, Diao, F, Qiu, D, Hou, X, Wang, H, Li, L, Li, C, Ge, J, Liu, J, Ou, X, and Wang, Q (2018). SIRT4 is essential for metabolic control and meiotic structure during mouse oocyte maturation. Aging Cell 17, e12789.
SIRT4 is essential for metabolic control and meiotic structure during mouse oocyte maturation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Zhang, W, Huang, Q, Zeng, Z, Wu, J, Zhang, Y, and Chen, Z (2017). Sirt1 inhibits oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017, 7543973.
Sirt1 inhibits oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Zhao, X, Chang, S, Liu, X, Wang, S, Zhang, Y, Lu, X, Zhang, T, Zhang, H, and Wang, L (2020). Imprinting aberrations of SNRPN, ZAC1 and INPP5F genes involved in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease with extracardiac malformations. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 24, 9898–9907.
Imprinting aberrations of SNRPN, ZAC1 and INPP5F genes involved in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease with extracardiac malformations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Zhou, T, Lin, W, Zhu, Q, Renaud, H, Liu, X, Li, R, Tang, C, Ma, C, Rao, T, Tan, Z, and Guo, Y (2019). The role of PEG3 in the occurrence and prognosis of colon cancer. OncoTargets and therapy 12, 6001–6012.
The role of PEG3 in the occurrence and prognosis of colon cancer.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |