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Vertebrate reproductive science and technology
REVIEW

Impact of oocyte donor age and breed on in vitro embryo production in cattle, and relationship of dairy and beef embryo recipients on pregnancy and the subsequent performance of offspring: A review

Pietro S. Baruselli A * , Carlos A. Rodrigues B , Roberta M. Ferreira A , José Nelio S. Sales C , Flávia M. Elliff A , Laísa G. Silva A , Mariana P. Viziack A , Luana Factor A and Michael J. D’Occhio D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil.

B Clínica Veterinária SAMVET, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.

C Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG 36010-041, Brazil.

D School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.

* Correspondence to: barusell@usp.br

Reproduction, Fertility and Development 34(2) 36-51 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD21285
Published online: 29 October 2021

© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of the IETS

Abstract

Genomic selection combined with in vitro embryo production (IVEP) with oocytes from heifer calves provides a powerful technology platform to reduce generation interval and significantly increase the rate of genetic gain in cattle. The ability to obtain oocytes with developmental competence from calves has been recognised for more than 60 years. There is renewed interest in the potential of this reproductive technology as the beef and dairy industries seek to identify and multiply animals that satisfy consumer demand for efficient utilisation of natural resources, with minimal environmental impact and high product quality. Heifer calves show a good follicular response to FSH stimulation and oocytes can be recovered by ovum pick-up (OPU). However, the efficiency of OPU/IVEP remains lower for calves compared with peripubertal heifers and cows, in both indicus (Zebu, Bos indicus) and taurus (Bos taurus) breeds. Indicus cattle generally have more follicles, yield a greater number of oocytes, and have a better IVEP outcome, compared with taurus cattle. The treatment of prepubertal heifers with bovine somatotrophin (bST) and propylene glycol before OPU/IVEP has yet to show a major improvement in embryo production. Holstein (taurus) dairy heifers derived from different reproductive technologies (AI, MOET, OPU/IVEP) showed a similar age at puberty and first-lactation milk production. OPU/IVEP Holstein embryos transferred to beef or dairy cows likewise yielded heifers with the same performance. The gains in productivity that can be achieved with strategic use of OPU/IVEP in heifer calves make this a relevant and highly important reproductive technology in cattle breeding. Ongoing optimisation of the technology is needed for the potential of OPU/IVEP in young donors to be fully realised.

Keywords: ART, embryo transfer, fetal programming, follicles, heifer calf, in vitro embryo production, oocytes, recipients.


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