Regulation of folliculogenesis and the determination of ovulation rate in ruminants
R. J. Scaramuzzi A B M , D. T. Baird C , B. K. Campbell D , M.-A. Driancourt E , J. Dupont A , J. E. Fortune F , R. B. Gilchrist G , G. B. Martin H , K. P. McNatty I , A. S. McNeilly J , P. Monget A , D. Monniaux A , C. Viñoles H K and R. Webb L
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Centre INRA de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
B Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mimms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
C University of Edinburgh, Centre for Reproductive Biology, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
D University of Nottingham, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
E Intervet Schering Plough Animal Health, Intervet Pharma R & D, BP 67131, 49071 Beaucouzé, France.
F College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
G Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Medical School South, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
H Animal Production Systems, UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
I School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
J Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
K INIA Tacuarembó, Ruta 5, km 386, Tacuarembó, Uruguay.
L University of Nottingham, Division of Animal Science, School of Biosciences, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.
M Corresponding author. Email: rex.scaramuzzi@orange.fr
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23(3) 444-467 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD09161
Submitted: 11 July 2009 Accepted: 5 October 2010 Published: 16 March 2011
Abstract
The paper presents an update of our 1993 model of ovarian follicular development in ruminants, based on knowledge gained from the past 15 years of research. The model addresses the sequence of events from follicular formation in fetal life, through the successive waves of follicular growth and atresia, culminating with the emergence of ovulatory follicles during reproductive cycles. The original concept of five developmental classes of follicles, defined primarily by their responses to gonadotrophins, is retained: primordial, committed, gonadotrophin-responsive, gonadotrophin-dependent and ovulatory follicles. The updated model has more extensive integration of the morphological, molecular and cellular events during folliculogenesis with systemic events in the whole animal. It also incorporates knowledge on factors that influence oocyte quality and the critical roles of the oocyte in regulating follicular development and ovulation rate. The original hypothetical mechanisms determining ovulation rate are retained but with some refinements; the enhanced viability of gonadotrophin-dependent follicles and increases in the number of gonadotrophin-responsive follicles by increases in the throughput of follicles to this stage of growth. Finally, we reexamine how these two mechanisms, which are thought not to be mutually exclusive, appear to account for most of the known genetic and environmental effects on ovulation rate.
Additional keywords: ewe, follicle, nutrition, oocyte, ovary.
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