A step-by-step guide to ageing octopus

Erica D. Durante; Louise Hosking; Karina Hall; Zoë A. Doubleday

doi:10.1071/MF23159

REVIEW (Open Access)

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A step-by-step guide to ageing octopus

Erica D. Durante

^A ^# ^* , Louise Hosking

^A ^# , Karina Hall ^B ^C and Zoë A. Doubleday

^A ^*

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A MARIS Lab, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.

^B Fisheries Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, 2 Bay Drive, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia.

^C National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, 2 Bay Drive, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: edonlon@hawaii.edu, erica.durante@mymail.unisa.edu.au, zoe.doubleday@unisa.edu.au

^# These authors contributed equally to this paper

Handling Editor: Max Finlayson

Marine and Freshwater Research 75, MF23159 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF23159

Submitted: 16 August 2023 Accepted: 15 March 2024 Published: 11 April 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC)

Abstract

Global octopus catch has doubled over the past four decades and is likely to grow in importance as many key fisheries continue to decline. Lack of age data is a critical limitation in assessing the resource status of octopus. Over the past ~30 years, studies have investigated various methods to age octopus, with some methods better suited to certain species than others. However, only a small number of researchers have the hands-on knowledge to execute these methods in the laboratory. Here, we present the first step-by-step guide to ageing octopus, as well as a decision tool, which should enable readers to carry out the ageing process and make an informed decision on the most suitable method for their species. We provide guidance on age validation, increment analysis of both beaks and stylets, materials needed, as well as avenues for further research. We hope this guide will provide a starting point for researchers new to octopus ageing, and for those working with octopus species that have never been aged before. We also encourage researchers to use this guide as a forum for open discussion to support the ongoing development of effective octopus ageing methods.

Keywords: age validation, beaks, cephalopods, fisheries, increment analysis, methods, octopus ageing, stylets.

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