Freshwater sponges overgrow the invasive golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei in the Upper Paraná River, Brazil
Humberto Freitas de Medeiros Fortunato
A * and Raquel Medeiros Andrade Figueira A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A hubz, Avenida Rio Branco, 181/601 – Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20040-007, Brazil.
Marine and Freshwater Research 73(11) 1393-1398 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF22023
Submitted: 29 January 2022 Accepted: 23 June 2022 Published: 25 July 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
The golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei is one of the top three invasive animals in Brazil. It is widely distributed in South America, changing the whole environment, and causing exorbitant expenses for hydroelectric power plants (HPPs). The aim of this report is to record freshwater sponges as a natural enemy of the invasive mussel in the Upper Paraná River. Specimens of six native sponge species were observed overgrowing the L. fortunei in SCUBA dives conducted in three HPP reservoirs. This type of competitive relationship is poorly understood in South America, but it is similar to previous reports of freshwater sponges around the world interacting with other invasive mussels, such as zebra and quagga mussels. Further studies must explore defence mechanisms of both groups using in situ and laboratory-controlled experiments and identify metabolites expressed to understand the dynamics of the ecological interaction.
Keywords: bioinvasion, Bivalvia, competitive interaction, golden mussel, hydroelectric power plant, overgrowth, Porifera, São Paulo.
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