Distribution of adult fish and spawning nests of estuarine-dependent amphidromous goby (Gymnogobius petschiliensis) in two streams of central Japan
Yumeki Oto
A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture 606-8502, Japan. Current address: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture 819-0395, Japan. Email: angler_yumeki@yahoo.co.jp
Marine and Freshwater Research 73(1) 81-91 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21181
Submitted: 17 June 2021 Accepted: 24 August 2021 Published: 17 September 2021
Abstract
Adults of the marine-originated amphidromous goby (Gymnogobius petschiliensis) inhabit both freshwater and brackish-water areas, unlike many other amphidromous species, which spend their entire lives, except the larval stage, in freshwater. Furthermore, adult G. petschiliensis individuals incur higher osmoregulatory costs in freshwater than those in hypertonic brackish water under laboratory conditions, suggesting that the ecology of the species is largely dependent on high-salinity (ancestral) environments. Therefore, a detailed information on the ecology of G. petschiliensis will help elucidate the diversity and evolution of amphidromy. Here, this study assessed the habitat use and freshwater dependency of G. petschiliensis in two streams in central Japan. Year-round surveys showed that adult density was higher in freshwater than in brackish water during the non-spawning season. This implies that adults chose salinity habitats according to ecological conditions (e.g. inter- and intraspecific competition, and predation risk) without being bound by physiological preferences. Conversely, most egg clutches were found in brackish water. Furthermore, adult density in brackish water increased with the increase in spawning events, suggesting that the adults migrated downstream for spawning. This preference for spawning in brackish water rather than in freshwater may be attributed to the constraints of their reproductive physiology.
Keywords: diadromy, euryhalinity, field survey, migration, osmoregulatory cost.
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