Life history of Mustelus mustelus in the Langebaan Lagoon marine protected area
Charlene da Silva
A F , Colin G. Attwood B , Sabine P. Wintner C D , Chris G. Wilke A , Henning Winker A , Malcolm J. Smale E and Sven E. Kerwath A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Fisheries Management, Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Private Bag X2, Vlaeberg 8018, South Africa.
B Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
C KwaZulu–Natal Sharks Board, Umhlanga Rocks, 4320, South Africa.
D University of KwaZulu–Natal, School of Life Sciences, Durban 4000, South Africa.
E Department of Zoology and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa.
F Corresponding author. Email: charlened@daff.gov.za
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(8) 1142-1159 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20277
Submitted: 16 September 2020 Accepted: 23 January 2021 Published: 9 March 2021
Abstract
Mustelus mustelus from the Langebaan Marine Protected Area (LMPA) has been largely protected from fishing activities for the past 30 years; therefore, its biology represents those of an unfished stock. The reproductive biology, diet, growth and maturity of M. mustelus was studied in the Langebaan Lagoon region in the south-western Cape Coast of South Africa between 2007 and 2009. In total, 217 sharks (females: 381–1734 mm total length (TL); males: 467–1267 mm TL) were examined. Sharks in the Bay represented the largest specimens among six regions, globally. Female parturition, ovulating and mating occurred between November and December after a gestation period of 10–11 months. No ontogenetic shift in diet was evident, with the diet predominantly consisting of the following three species of crustaceans; Hymenosoma orbiculare, Upogebia africana and Callichirus kraussi. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters for combined sexes were L∞ = 1594 mm TL, k = 0.15 year–1, t0 = –2.01 year (n = 95). Possible age over-estimation was investigated using micro-computed tomography, which highlighted the existence of false check marks. This study indicated that the LMPA represents a pupping, nursery and feeding ground as well as a refuge area for the largest and oldest recorded smoothhound sharks globally, emphasising its importance in spatial conservation of this species.
Keywords: age-and-growth, diet, maturity, MPA, ontogenetic, reproductive biology smoothhound sharks, shark conservation.
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