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Marine and Freshwater Research Marine and Freshwater Research Society
Advances in the aquatic sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Intraspecific variation in diel patterns of rocky reef use suggests temporal partitioning in Port Jackson sharks

Nathan Charles Bass https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-1392 A E , Joanna Day A B , Tristan L. Guttridge C , Nathan A. Knott D and Culum Brown A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Macquarie University, Department of Biological Sciences, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.

B Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia.

C Saving the Blue, Cooper City, FL 33328, USA.

D NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries Research, 4 Woollamia Road, Huskisson, NSW 2540, Australia.

E Corresponding author. Email: nathancbass@mail.com

Marine and Freshwater Research - https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20204
Submitted: 29 June 2020  Accepted: 26 March 2021   Published online: 13 May 2021

Journal Compilation © CSIRO 2021 Open Access CC BY-NC

Abstract

Limited information exists about the temporal residency patterns of marine predators, especially at the individual level. Temporal partitioning of resources can reduce intra-specific competition, but this has seldom been examined in predators in marine ecosystems. Here, we used 8 years of acoustic telemetry data from 27 receivers deployed in a large coastal embayment to examine the temporal residency of 51 Port Jackson sharks (Heterodontus portusjacksoni), during their breeding season. We found that the residency lengths of male and female Port Jackson sharks on breeding reefs differed throughout the breeding season, with males showing longer residency at the start of the season and females showing longer residency at the end of the season. Port Jackson sharks also showed a 24-h or diel periodicity in their detection patterns. Although the majority of individuals were nocturnal, a small proportion of sharks was detected more frequently during the day, possibly to reduce competition for resources. Surprisingly, there was no difference in the sex ratio nor the size of diurnal and nocturnal individuals. This study provides long-term insight into the temporal residency patterns of mesopredatory sharks at a breeding site and, more broadly, our results highlight the importance of studying temporal variation at the individual level in movement ecology studies.

Keywords: elasmobranchs, marine, ecology.


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