Leaf morphology affects microplastic entrapment efficiency in freshwater macrophytes
Joel W. Q. Tan
A * , Ray J. Tong A , Z. Tang A , Colin Z. D. Lee A , Clara L. X. Yong A and Peter A. Todd A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Experimental Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
Marine and Freshwater Research 74(7) 641-650 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF22149
Submitted: 1 November 2022 Accepted: 3 March 2023 Published: 31 March 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Context: In contrast to marine environments, microplastic pollution in freshwater systems is understudied. Previous research suggests that freshwater macrophytes function as microplastic sinks, which, because they are at the base of food webs, has implications for higher trophic levels.
Aim: This study compares the ability of freshwater plants with different leaf morphologies to trap downwelling microplastics.
Method: Microplastics (800–1000 μm polyamide grains) were deposited onto three macrophyte species, namely, Cabomba caroliniana, Egeria densa, and Hygrophila polysperma. Microplastic mass retained was calculated as the percentage of microplastic mass captured by the plant and standardised microplastic retention was calculated as the absolute microplastic mass retained (g) divided by plant dry mass (g).
Results: The amount of trapped microplastics differed significantly among species, with the highest amount trapped by C. caroliniana (39.3%; 7.91 g g−1), followed by E. densa (28.8%; 5.30 g g−1) and H. polysperma (17.6%; 4.47 g g−1).
Conclusion: Significant differences in microplastic retention among species may be attributed to variation in leaf morphology.
Implications: These findings have potential applications in bioremediation and biomonitoring, where freshwater macrophytes could help with the tracking and mitigation of microplastics in the environment.
Keywords: architectural complexity, biomonitoring, bioremediation, marine litter, microplastic retention, particle accumulation, plastic pollution, vegetated habitats.
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