Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichments alter the dynamics of the plankton community in Daya Bay, northern South China Sea: results of mesocosm studies
Xingyu Song A B D F , Yao Li A D F , Chenhui Xiang A B D , Xinying Su A D F , Ge Xu C , Meiting Tan A D F , Yadong Huang A D , Jihua Liu C , Zengling Ma E , Liangmin Huang A F and Gang Li
A B F G
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, PR China.
B Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, PR China.
C Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
D Nansha Marine Ecological and Environmental Research Station, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, PR China.
E National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China.
F University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
G Corresponding author. Email: ligang@scsio.ac.cn
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(11) 1632-1642 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21097
Submitted: 1 April 2021 Accepted: 22 June 2021 Published: 20 July 2021
Abstract
Eutrophication is threatening coastal ecosystems globally. Using 15 mesocosms, we explored how nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment affects the dynamics of plankton communities over 15-day (winter) and 10-day (summer) experimental enrichments in Daya Bay, a mesotrophic bay in the northern South China Sea. P enrichment had no obvious effect on the plankton community, whereas N or N+P enrichment stimulated two phytoplankton blooms, with the dominant species shifting from diatoms to dinoflagellates across enrichment periods in both winter and summer. Coinciding with increases in phytoplankton (i.e. chlorophyll-a concentrations and cell abundance), the N+P enrichment enhanced primary productivity on Experimental Day 6 by a maximum of ~8.0-fold (i.e. from a mean ± s.d., 4.49 ± 0.31 to 36.5 ± 8.4 μg C L–1 h–1) in winter and ~7.5-fold (i.e. from 8.16 ± 0.22 to 60.6 ± 10.1 μg C L–1 h–1) in summer. The N+P enrichment increased the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria in both seasons, as well as bacterial productivity. Moreover, the N+P enrichment increased both community respiration and the variation in net community production in both winter and summer, indicating that the marine ecosystems in Daya Bay may become more fragile in the future with continuing inputs of land-derived nutrients.
Keywords: Daya Bay, mesocosm, net community production, nitrogen enrichments, phosphorous enrichments.
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