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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Distribution of nitrogen-cycling genes in an oxygen-depleted cyclonic eddy in the Alfonso Basin, Gulf of California

Ramiro Ramos-de la Cruz A B , Silvia Pajares https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0864-8659 B C , Martín Merino-Ibarra B , María Adela Monreal-Gómez B and Erik Coria-Monter B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.

B Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICML), Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.

C Corresponding author. Email: spajares@cmarl.unam.mx

Marine and Freshwater Research 72(8) 1173-1184 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20074
Submitted: 11 March 2020  Accepted: 27 January 2021   Published: 16 March 2021

Abstract

The marine N cycle is driven mainly by microorganisms whose distribution can be shaped by mesoscale eddies. Recently, eddies containing oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) have been recognised as N-loss hotspots, complicating even more the calculations of the marine N budgets. As a contribution to this understanding, we investigated the effect of a cyclonic eddy confined in an oxygen-depleted basin on the distribution of the N-cycling communities. We measured hydrographic properties of the water column, nutrient concentrations, and the abundance of key genes involved in the processes of nitrification (archaeal and bacterial amoA), denitrification (nirS and nirK), dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA; nrfA) and anammox (hzo) within the eddy. Our results indicated that the cyclonic circulation affected the distribution of nutrients and the abundance of amoA and nirS genes, whereas oxygen influenced the distribution of nirK, nrfA, and hzo genes. Additionally, the aerobic ammonium oxidation by archaea seems to be an important source of nitrite, which might fuel denitrifier, DNRA, and anammox communities in this basin. These findings along with the high N deficit in the OMZ suggest the existence of an active N cycling that might enhance the N-loss in this oxygen-depleted basin.

Keywords: nitrogen deficit, N gene distribution, cyclonic circulation, OMZ, qPCR.


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