Individual variation influences avoidance behaviour of invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and native buffalo (Ictiobus) to stroboscopic and acoustic deterrents
Paul A. Bzonek
A B C , Jaewoo Kim B and Nicholas E. Mandrak A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada.
B Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto – Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.
C Corresponding author. Email: paul.bzonek@mail.utoronto.ca
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(11) 1682-1688 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21051
Submitted: 12 February 2021 Accepted: 6 May 2021 Published: 9 July 2021
Journal Compilation © CSIRO 2021 Open Access CC BY-NC
Abstract
Uncontrolled biological invasions are reducing freshwater ecosystem diversity and resilience. Research is needed to evaluate whether non-structural deterrents are feasible within lock or canal environments. This study examined common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and buffalo hybrid (Ictiobus) movement patterns in response to acoustic and stroboscopic deterrents. Twelve strobe lights and one underwater speaker were deployed across the centre of a ship slip, with an environment analogous to a navigation canal. Common carp (n = 6) and Ictiobus (n = 4) were implanted with acoustic telemetry tags, and their behaviours were examined under control, stroboscopic, and acoustic stimuli for 60-min trial periods. Trials were run during the day and night for six straight days. Linear models determined that the stroboscopic and acoustic stimuli altered fish positioning within the ship slip, but produced weaker avoidance responses than those observed elsewhere. Weak responses were likely due to a strong preference for the open end of the ship slip and a lack of acoustic refuge during the acoustic treatment. Avoidance responses also differed widely among individuals of the same species, with fish expressing repeatability of avoidance radius size across trials. Ambient and stimulus sound-pressure levels should be carefully considered when deploying acoustic deterrents.
Keywords: non-physical barrier, invasive species, dispersal behaviour, inter-individual variation.
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