Microplastics in commercial bivalves harvested from intertidal seagrasses and sandbanks in the Ria Formosa lagoon, Portugal
Lorenzo Cozzolino A , Carmen B. de los Santos A , Gerardo I. Zardi B , Luca Repetto C and Katy R. Nicastro
A B D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, PT-8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
B Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, 6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.
C Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
D Corresponding author. Email: katynicastro@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(7) 1092-1099 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20202
Submitted: 27 June 2020 Accepted: 11 January 2021 Published: 19 February 2021
Abstract
Through seafood consumption, microplastic (MP) pollution is potentially threatening human health. Commercial bivalves in particular are a cause of major concern because their filter-feeding activity directly exposes them to MP in the water column and they are then ingested by humans. Here, we provide a quantitative and qualitative baseline data on MP content in the soft tissues of three commercially important bivalves (Ruditapes decussatus, Cerastoderma spp. and Polititapes spp.) collected in Ria Formosa lagoon, southern Portugal. The abundance of MPs (items per soft tissue weight) did not significantly differ among species. On average, R. decussatus exhibited the highest MP abundance (on average, 18.4 ± 21.9 MP items g–1 WW), followed by Cerastoderma spp. (11.9 ± 5.5 MP items g–1 WW) and Polititapes spp. (10.4 ± 10.4 MP items g–1 WW). Overall, 88% of the MPs found were synthetic fibres, the majority of which were blue (52%). Size categories >0.1–1 mm and >1–5 mm were the most common (60% and 34% respectively). The most represented polymers were polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS). The unexpectedly high number of MPs recorded in the three commercially exploited species suggests that this semi-closed lagoon system is experiencing a higher anthropogenic pressure than are open coastal systems.
Keywords: Cerastoderma spp., FTIR, marine debris, microfibers, Polititapes spp., Ruditapes decussatus, seafood.
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