Trends and environmental drivers of giant catfish catch in the lower Amazon River
R. E. A. Cruz
A F , D. A. Kaplan B , P. B. Santos C , A. O. Ávila-da-Silva D , E. E. Marques E and V. J. Isaac A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenuenida Perimetral, 2651, 66070-375, Belém, PA, Brazil.
B Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environmental, Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6350, USA.
C Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Travessa Major Francisco Maria, 68220-000, Monte Alegre, PA, Brazil.
D Instituto de Pesca, Avenuenida Bartolomeu de Gusmão, 192, 11030-906, Santos, SP, Brazil.
E Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Rua 3, Quadra 17, 77500-000, Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil.
F Corresponding author. Email: araujo.edipo@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(5) 647-657 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20098
Submitted: 7 April 2020 Accepted: 14 September 2020 Published: 11 November 2020
Abstract
The giant catfishes Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii, Brachyplatystoma vaillantii and Brachyplatystoma filamentosum are important environmental, social and economic resources in the Amazon. However, anthropogenic environmental changes, such as climate change, deforestation, overexploitation of water resources and damming of rivers, threaten the conservation of this fishery. The aims of this study were to investigate temporal trends and elucidate global and regional environmental drivers of catch for these species of giant catfish in the Amazon. Using annualised catch data (1993–2010), we tested for linear trends using Mann–Kendall tests and built multilinear models of fish catch using effort and a variety of regional and global hydrological and meteorological series. We found a significant decline in the catches of B. rousseauxii and B. filamentosum, whereas the B. vaillantii catch increased. Total catch had a significant positive correlation with fishing effort, and variation in sea surface temperature (SST) explained an additional 19–38% of the variability of catches. Other hydrological and climate variables were weakly correlated or uncorrelated with catch. Overall, these results argue strongly for a resumption the collection of fishing statistics in the Amazon. In addition, associations between SST and catch suggest that conservation of these long-distance migrants must consider both regional and global drivers of fisheries change.
Keywords: artisanal fishery, climate change, Pimelodidae, sea surface temperature, time series analysis.
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