Assessing the diet and trophic niche breadth of an omnivorous fish (Glanidium ribeiroi) in subtropical lotic environments: intraspecific and ontogenic responses to spatial variations
B. C. K. Kliemann
A E , M. C. Baldasso B , S. F. R. Pini C , M. C. Makrakis D , S. Makrakis D and R. L. Delariva B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Zoologia, Rua Prof. Dr Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, 18618-689 - Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
B Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Programa de Pós Graduação em Conservação e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Rua Universitária, 2069, 85819-110, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil.
C Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Pesca, Rua Miraldo Pedro Zibetti, 385, 85903-160, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil.
D Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Grupo de Pesquisa em Tecnologia em Ecohidráulica e Conservação de Recursos Pesqueiros e Hídricos (GETECH), Rua Miraldo Pedro Zibetti, 385, 85903-160, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil.
E Corresponding author. Email: bruna.kli@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 70(8) 1116-1128 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF18149
Submitted: 6 April 2018 Accepted: 18 January 2019 Published: 11 April 2019
Abstract
The diet of Glanidium ribeiroi was investigated in lotic stretches downstream from a cascade of reservoirs to determine how it responds to intraspecific and environmental variations. Monthly sampling was performed from 2013 to 2016 at sites including the main channel of the Iguaçu River and tributaries in preserved basins and agricultural land. The diet of individuals in the preserved tributaries was primarily associated with allochthonous resources, whereas in the non-preserved tributaries and main channel the diets were primarily associated with autochthonous resources. Trophic niche breadth and intraspecific variability differed significantly among sampling areas and size classes. Trophic niche overlap among size classes and sampling areas was low. Positive and negative relationships between the trophic niche breadth and the standard length of individuals were also found in different sampling areas. Intraspecific and ontogenic variations were strongly and consistently associated with forest cover. Individuals responded differently to local environmental variations due to differences in landscape gradients and life cycle changes. Therefore, the effects of spatial heterogeneity on diet composition and intraspecific variations therein appear to be crucial to the success of the populations evaluated. These results may help with the implementation of conservation measures for this and other endemic species.
Additional keywords: allochthonous resources, feeding, fish freshwater, preserved areas, trophic segregation.
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