Register      Login
Marine and Freshwater Research Marine and Freshwater Research Society
Advances in the aquatic sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE

‘La Niña’ phenomenon and the relationship between decapod populations and fishes in temporarily isolated shallow lakes

María Victoria Torres A D , Federico Giri A B and Pablo Agustín Collins A B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El pozo s/n, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.

B Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El pozo s/n, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.

C Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El pozo s/n, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.

D Corresponding author. Email: mavictoriatorres@gmail.com

Marine and Freshwater Research 68(6) 1010-1022 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF16035
Submitted: 2 February 2016  Accepted: 21 July 2016   Published: 9 September 2016

Abstract

The ‘La Niña’ phenomenon causes temporary isolation of shallow lakes in rivers with floodplain. Furthermore, as abiotic conditions become more extreme, and intra–interspecific relationships intensify, the risk of local species extinction increases. The Paraná River in South America is a river with an extensive floodplain with many shallow lakes. In these environments, freshwater prawns and many fish species coexist. The aim of the work was to study the interaction between two species of prawns (Palaemonetes argentinus and Macrobrachium borellii) and fishes during ‘La Niña’ phenomenon. Density variations of prawns and fishes were examined in three shallow lakes at Paraná River. The samples were collected monthly at several points of each aquatic environment with a trawl net. Abiotic and biotic factors were measured. Density and population structure varied in both prawns, and fishes, and the changes have not been simultaneous. These variations might be associated with predation, aggressive behaviour of the prawns and internal micro-migrations. The effect of La Niña creates additional stress on prawn populations when water inflow is delayed. This fact could promote the decrease or the complete disappearance of one or both prawn species in the environments, and modify the trophic web in the next phase of the shallow lakes.

Additional keywords: connection phases, floodplain, freshwater decapods, isolation phases, predatory fishes.


References

Almirón, A., Casciotta, J., Ciotek, L., and Giorgis, P. (2008). ‘Guía de los peces del Parque Nacional Pre-Delta.’ (Editorial APN: Buenos Aires.)

Aoyagui, A. S. M., and Bonecker, C. C. (2004). Rotifers in different environments of the Upper Parana River floodplain (Brazil): richness, abundance and the relationship with connectivity. Hydrobiologia 522, 281–290.
Rotifers in different environments of the Upper Parana River floodplain (Brazil): richness, abundance and the relationship with connectivity.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Arrington, D. A., Winemiller, K. O., and Layman, C. A. (2005). Community assembly at the patch scale in a species-rich tropical river. Oecologia 144, 157–167.
Community assembly at the patch scale in a species-rich tropical river.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15891857PubMed |

Arrington, D. A., Davidson, B. K., Winemiller, K. O., and Layman, C. A. (2006). Influence of life history and seasonal hydrology on lipid storage in three neotropical fish species. Journal of Fish Biology 68, 1347–1361.
Influence of life history and seasonal hydrology on lipid storage in three neotropical fish species.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xms1Ons7c%3D&md5=fabf31608fd45b5ab041a62db50f8a56CAS |

Azevedo, F. C. C., and Verdade, L. M. (2012). Predator–prey interactions: jaguar predation on caiman in a floodplain forest. Journal of Zoology 286, 200–207.
Predator–prey interactions: jaguar predation on caiman in a floodplain forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Balcombe, S. R., and Arthington, A. H. (2009). Temporal changes in fish abundance in response to hydrological variability in a dryland floodplain river. Marine and Freshwater Research 60, 146–159.
Temporal changes in fish abundance in response to hydrological variability in a dryland floodplain river.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Balcombe, S. R., Bunn, S. R., McKenzie, S., and Davies, P. M. (2005). Variability of fish diets between dry and flood periods in an arid zone floodplain river. Journal of Fish Biology 67, 1552–1567.
Variability of fish diets between dry and flood periods in an arid zone floodplain river.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Baranyi, C., Hein, T., Holarek, C., Keckeis, S., and Schiemer, F. (2002). Zooplankton biomass and community structure in a Danube River foodplain system: effects of hydrology. Freshwater Biology 47, 473–482.
Zooplankton biomass and community structure in a Danube River foodplain system: effects of hydrology.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Begon, M., Harper, J. L., and Townsend, C. R. (1986). ‘Ecology; Individuals, Populations and Communities.’ (Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford, UK).

Beltzer, A., and Muñoz, D. (2001). Espectro trófico, selección del hábitat y ritmo circadiano de actividad alimentaria de Butorides striatus (Aves: Ardeidae) en el valle de inundación del río Paraná, Argentina. Natura Neotropicalis 32, 1–11.

Benke, A. C., Chaubey, I., Ward, G. M., and Dunn, E. L. (2000). Flood pulse dynamics of an unregulated river floodplain in the southeastern US coastal plain. Ecology 81, 2730–2741.
Flood pulse dynamics of an unregulated river floodplain in the southeastern US coastal plain.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Bonetto, A. A., and Wais, I. R. (1995). Southern South American streams and rivers. In ‘Ecosystems of the World. 22: River and Stream Ecosystems’. (Eds C. E. Cushing, K. W. Cummins, and G. W. Minshall.) pp. 257–293. (Elsevier Press: Amsterdam.)

Boschi, E. E. (1981). Decapoda Natantia. Fauna de Agua Dulce de la República Argentina FECIC 26, 1–61.

Carter, J. L., End, S. V., and Kenelly, S. S. (1996). The relationships among three habitat scales and stream benthic invertebrate community structures. Freshwater Biology 35, 109–124.
The relationships among three habitat scales and stream benthic invertebrate community structures.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Carvalho, P., Bini, L. M., Thomaz, S. M., Oliveira, L. G., Robertson, B., Tavechio, W. L. G., and Darwisch, A. J. (2001). Comparative limnology of South American lakes and lagoons. Acta Scientiarum 23, 265–273.

Cheon, T., and Ohta, S. (2004). Suppression of ecological competition by an apex predator. Physical Review E: Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics 70, 021913.
Suppression of ecological competition by an apex predator.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Collins, P. A. (1999). Feeding of Palaemonetes argentinus (Nobili) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in flood valley of Paraná River Argentina. Journal of Crustacean Biology 19, 485–492.
Feeding of Palaemonetes argentinus (Nobili) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in flood valley of Paraná River Argentina.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Collins, P. A. (2000). Mecanismos de coexistencia en poblaciones de Palaemónidos dulciacuícolas (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.

Collins, P. A. (2005). A coexistence mechanism for two freshwater prawns in the Paraná River floodplain, Argentina. Journal of Crustacean Biology 25, 219–225.
A coexistence mechanism for two freshwater prawns in the Paraná River floodplain, Argentina.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Collins, P. A., and Paggi, C. J. (1997). Feeding ecology of Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in flood valley of river Paraná Argentina. Hydrobiology 362, 21–30.
Feeding ecology of Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in flood valley of river Paraná Argentina.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Collins, P. A., Williner, V., and Giri, F. (2006a). Trophic relationships in Crustacea Decapoda of a river with floodplain. In ‘Predation in Organisms: a Distinct Phenomenon’. (Ed. M. T. Ashraf.) pp. 59–86. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin.)

Collins, P. A., Giri, F., and Williner, V. (2006b). Population dynamics of Trichodactylus borellianus (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura) and interactions with the aquatic vegetation of the Paraná River (South America, Argentina). Annales de Limnologie – International Journal of Limnology 42, 19–25.
Population dynamics of Trichodactylus borellianus (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura) and interactions with the aquatic vegetation of the Paraná River (South America, Argentina).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Collins, P. A., Williner, V., and Giri, F. (2007). Littoral communities: Macrocrustaceans. In ‘The Middle Parana River, Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland’. (Eds M. H. Iriondo, J. C. Paggi, and M. J. Parma.) pp. 277–302. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin.)

Cook, M. I., Call, E. M., Kobza, R. M., Hill, S. D., and Saunders, C. J. (2014). Seasonal movements of crayfish in a fluctuating wetland: implications for restoring wading bird populations. Freshwater Biology 59, 1608–1621.
Seasonal movements of crayfish in a fluctuating wetland: implications for restoring wading bird populations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Corti, D., Kohler, S. L., and Sparks, R. E. (1997). Effects of hydroperiod and predation on a Mississippi River floodplain invertebrate community. Oecologia 109, 154–165.
Effects of hydroperiod and predation on a Mississippi River floodplain invertebrate community.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Covich, A. P., Crowl, T. A., and Scatena, F. N. (2003). Effects of extreme low flows on freshwater shrimps in a perennial tropical stream. Freshwater Biology 48, 1199–1206.
Effects of extreme low flows on freshwater shrimps in a perennial tropical stream.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

De Graaf, G. (2003). Dynamics of floodplain fisheries in Bangladesh, results of 8 years fisheries monitoring in the compartmentalization pilot project. Fisheries Management and Ecology 10, 191–199.
Dynamics of floodplain fisheries in Bangladesh, results of 8 years fisheries monitoring in the compartmentalization pilot project.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Delong, M. D., Thorp, J. H., Greenwood, K. S., and Miller, M. C. (2001). Responses of consumers and food resources to a high magnitude, unpredicted flood in the upper Mississippi River basin. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 17, 217–234.
Responses of consumers and food resources to a high magnitude, unpredicted flood in the upper Mississippi River basin.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Depetris, P. J., Kempe, S., Latif, M., and Mook, W. G. (1996). ENSO-controlled flooding in the Paraná River (1904–1991). Naturwissenschaften 83, 127–129.
ENSO-controlled flooding in the Paraná River (1904–1991).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XitVOgsrw%3D&md5=ccde139a2e7ceb00ebbd08e1c924ed5fCAS |

Dorn, N. J., and Trexler, J. C. (2007). Crayfish assemblage shifts in a large drought-prone wetland: the roles of hydrology and competition. Freshwater Biology 52, 2399–2411.
Crayfish assemblage shifts in a large drought-prone wetland: the roles of hydrology and competition.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Doss, P. K. (1993). The nature of a dynamic water table in a system of non-tidal, freshwater coastal wetlands. Journal of Hydrology 141, 107–126.
The nature of a dynamic water table in a system of non-tidal, freshwater coastal wetlands.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Drago, E. C. (1989). Morphological and hydrological characteristics of the floodplain ponds of the middle Parana River (Argentina). Revue d’Hydrobiologie Tropicale 22, 183–190.

Drago, E. C. (2007). The physical dynamics of the River-lake floodplain system. In ‘The Middle Parana River, Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland’. (Eds M. H. Iriondo, J. C. Paggi, and M. J. Parma.) pp. 83–122. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin.)

Fernandez, D., and Collins, P. (2002). Supervivencia de cangrejos en ambientes dulceacuícolas inestables. Natura Neotropicalis 33, 81–84.

Freire, J., and González-Gurriarán, E. (1998). New approaches to the behavioral ecology of decapod crustaceans using telemetry and electronic tags. Hydrobiologia 371/372, 123–132.
New approaches to the behavioral ecology of decapod crustaceans using telemetry and electronic tags.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Gause, G. F. (1934). ‘The Struggle for Existence.’ (Williams and Wilkins: Baltimore, MD.)

Gill, A. B. (2003). The dynamics of prey choice in fish: the importance of prey size and satiation. Journal of Fish Biology 63, 105–116.
The dynamics of prey choice in fish: the importance of prey size and satiation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Gogola, T. M., Sanches, P. V., Gubiani, É. A., and Da Silva, P. R. L. (2013). Spatial and temporal variations in fish larvae assemblages of Ilha Grande National Park, Brazil. Ecology Freshwater Fish 22, 95–105.
Spatial and temporal variations in fish larvae assemblages of Ilha Grande National Park, Brazil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Górski, K., Van den Bosch, L. V., Van de Wolfshaar, K. E., Middelkoop, H., Nagelkerke, L. A. J., Filippov, O. V., Zolotarev, D. V., Yakovlev, S. V., Minin, A. E., Winter, H. V., De Leeuw, J. J., Buijse, A. D., and Verreth, J. A. J. (2012). Post-damming flow regime development in a large lowland river (Volga, Russian Federation): implications for floodplain inundation and fisheries. River Research and Applications 28, 1121–1134.
Post-damming flow regime development in a large lowland river (Volga, Russian Federation): implications for floodplain inundation and fisheries.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hadfield, J. D. (2010). MCMC methods for multi-response generalized linear mixed models: the MCMCglmm R package. Journal of Statistical Software 33, 1–22.
MCMC methods for multi-response generalized linear mixed models: the MCMCglmm R package.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hairston, N. G., Smith, F. E., and Slobodkin, L. B. (1960). Community structure, population control, and competition. American Naturalist 94, 421–425.
Community structure, population control, and competition.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hinz, H., Kroncke, I., and Ehrich, S. (2005). The feeding strategy of dab Limanda limanda in the southern North Sea: linking stomach contents to prey availability in the environment. Journal of Fish Biology 67, 125–145.
The feeding strategy of dab Limanda limanda in the southern North Sea: linking stomach contents to prey availability in the environment.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hutchinson, G. E. (1961). The paradox of the plankton. American Naturalist 95, 137–145.
The paradox of the plankton.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

José de Paggi, S., and Paggi, J. C. (2007). Zooplancton. In ‘The Middle Parana River, Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland’. (Eds M. H. Iriondo, J. C. Paggi, and M. J. Parma.) pp. 229–245. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin.)

Junk, W. J., Bayley, P. B., and Sparks, R. E. (1989). The flood pulse concept in river floodplain systems. In ‘Proceedings of the International Large River Symposium (LARS)’, 14–21 September 1986, Honey Harbour, ON, Canada. (Ed. D. P. Dodge.) Canadian Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Special Publication 106, pp. 110–127. (Canadian Government Publishing Centre: Ottawa, ON, Canada.) Available at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/111846.pdf [Verified 1 September 2016].

Layman, C. A., Montaña, C. G., and Allgeier, J. E. (2010). Linking fish colonization rates and water level change in littoral habitats of a Venezuelan floodplain river. Aquatic Ecology 44, 269–273.
Linking fish colonization rates and water level change in littoral habitats of a Venezuelan floodplain river.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Lewis, W. M., Hamilton, S. K., Lasi, M. A., Rodríguez, M., and Saunders, J. F. (2000). Ecological determinism on the Orinoco floodplain. Bioscience 50, 681–692.
Ecological determinism on the Orinoco floodplain.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Mayora, G., Devercelli, M., and Giri, F. (2013). Spatial variability of chlorophyll-a and abiotic variables in a river–floodplain system during different hydrological phases. Hydrobiologia 717, 51–63.
Spatial variability of chlorophyll-a and abiotic variables in a river–floodplain system during different hydrological phases.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVSht7jE&md5=98e0000b0c966be318d765cd2eb15545CAS |

Menge, B. A., and Sutherland, J. P. (1987). Community regulation: Variation in disturbance, competition, and predation in relation to environmental stress and recruitment. American Naturalist 130, 730.
Community regulation: Variation in disturbance, competition, and predation in relation to environmental stress and recruitment.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Miquel, J. C., Arnaud, P. M., and Do-Chi, T. (1985). Population structure and migration of the stone crab Lithodes murrayi in the Crozet Islands, Subantarctic Indian Ocean. Marine Biology 89, 263–269.
Population structure and migration of the stone crab Lithodes murrayi in the Crozet Islands, Subantarctic Indian Ocean.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Montoya, J. V., Roelke, D. L., Winemiller, K. O., Cotner, J. B., and Snider, J. A. (2006). Hydrological seasonality and benthic algal biomass in a neotropical floodplain river. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 25, 157–170.
Hydrological seasonality and benthic algal biomass in a neotropical floodplain river.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Montoya, J. V., Arrington, D. A., and Winemiller, K. O. (2014). Seasonal and diel variation of shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda) on sandbanks of a tropical floodplain river. Journal of Natural History 48, 557–574.
Seasonal and diel variation of shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda) on sandbanks of a tropical floodplain river.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Nakatani, K., Bialeztki, A., Baumgartner, G., Sanches, P. V., and Makrakis, M. C. (2004). Temporal and spatial dynamics of fish eggs and larvae. In ‘The Upper Parana River and its Floodplain: Physical Aspects, Ecology and Conservation’. (Eds S. M. Thomaz, A. A. Agostinho, and N. S. Hahn.) pp. 293–308. (Backhuys Publishers: Leiden, Netherlands.)

Neiff, J. J. (1990). Ideas para la interpretación ecológica del Paraná. Interciencia 15, 424–441.

Neiff, J. J., Poi de Neiff, A., and Casco, S. (2001). The effect of prolonged floods on Eichhornia crassipes growth in Paraná River floodplain lakes. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 3, 51–60.

Odinetz-Collard, O., and Magalhães, C. (1994). Ecological constraints and life history strategies of palaemonid prawns in Amazonia. Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 25, 2460–2467.

Oliveros, O. B., and Del Barco, D. M. (1991). Aspectos de la biología de Ageneiosus valenciennesi (Pisces, Argeneiosidae). Revista de la Asociacion de Ciencias Naturales del Litoral 22, 45–53.

Oliveros, O. B., and Rossi, L. M. (1991). Ecología trófica de Hoplias malabaricus malabaricus (Pisces, Erythrinidae). Revista de la Asociacion de Ciencias Naturales del Litoral 22, 55–68.

Pierce, C. L., and Hinrichs, B. D. (1997). Response of littoral invertebrates to reduction of fish density: simultaneous experiments in ponds with different fish assemblages. Freshwater Biology 37, 397–408.
Response of littoral invertebrates to reduction of fish density: simultaneous experiments in ponds with different fish assemblages.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Poff, N. L., and Allan, J. D. (1995). Functional organization of stream fish assemblages in relation to hydrological variability. Ecology 76, 606–627.
Functional organization of stream fish assemblages in relation to hydrological variability.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Poff, N. L., Allan, J. D., Bain, M. B., Karr, J. R., Prestegaard, K. L., Richter, B. D., Sparks, R. E., and Stromberg, J. C. (1997). The natural flow regime. BioSience 47, 769–784.
The natural flow regime.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Poi de Neiff, A., and Carignan, R. (1997). Macroinvertebrates on Eichhornia crassipes roots in two lakes of the Paraná River floodplain. Hydrobiologia 345, 185–196.
Macroinvertebrates on Eichhornia crassipes roots in two lakes of the Paraná River floodplain.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Pothoven, S., Fahnenstiel, G. L., and Vanderploeg, H. A. (2004). Spatial distribution, biomass and population dynamics of Mysis relicta in Lake Michigan. Hydrobiologia 522, 291–299.
Spatial distribution, biomass and population dynamics of Mysis relicta in Lake Michigan.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Pouilly, M., and Rodríguez, M. A. (2004). Determinism of fish assemblage structure in neotropical floodplain lakes: influence of internal and landscape lake conditions. In ‘Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Management of Large Rivers for Fisheries (LARS2) II’, 11–14 February 2003, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. (Eds R. L. Welcommen and T. Petr.) pp. 243–265. (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific: Bangkok, Thailand.) Available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/ad526e/ad526e0j.htm#bm19 [Verified 1 September 2016].

Ranta, E., Kaitala, V., and Lundberg, P. (1998). Population variability in space and time: dynamics of synchronous population fluctuations. Oikos 83, 376–382.
Population variability in space and time: dynamics of synchronous population fluctuations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Rodríguez, M. A., and Lewis, W. M. J. (1994). Regulation and stability in fish assemblages of neotropical floodplain lakes. Oecologia 99, 166–180.
Regulation and stability in fish assemblages of neotropical floodplain lakes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Rossi, L., Cordiviola, E., and Parma, M. J. (2007). Fishes. In ‘The Middle Parana River, Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland’. (Eds M. H. Iriondo, J. C. Paggi and M. J. Parma.) pp. 305–325. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin.)

Ruetz, C. R., Trexler, J. C., Jordan, F., Loftus, W. F., and Perry, S. A. (2005). Population dynamics of wetland fishes: spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance. Journal of Animal Ecology 74, 322–332.
Population dynamics of wetland fishes: spatio-temporal patterns synchronized by hydrological disturbance.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Scarabotti, P. A., López, J. A., and Pouilly, M. (2011). Flood pulse and the dynamics of fish assemblage structure from neotropical floodplain lakes. Ecology Freshwater Fish 20, 605–618.
Flood pulse and the dynamics of fish assemblage structure from neotropical floodplain lakes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Solomon, M. E. (1949). The natural control of animal populations. Journal of Animal Ecology 18, 1–35.
The natural control of animal populations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Thomaz, S. M., Roberto, M. C., and Bini, L. M. (1997). Caracterização limnológica dos ambientes aquáticos e influência dos níveis fluviométricos. In ‘A Planície de Inundação do Alto Rio Paraná: Aspectos Físicos, Biológicos e Socioeconómicos’. (Eds A. E. A. M. Vazzoler, A. A. Agostinho, and N. S. Hahn.) pp. 74–102. (Eduem: Maringá, Brazil)

Thomaz, S. M., Bini, L. M., and Bozelli, R. L. (2007). Floods increase similarity among aquatic habitats in river–floodplain systems. Hydrobiologia 579, 1–13.
Floods increase similarity among aquatic habitats in river–floodplain systems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tockner, K., Malard, E., and Ward, J. V. (2000). An extension of the flood pulse concept. Hydrological Processes 14, 2861–2883.
An extension of the flood pulse concept.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Veen, T., Sheldon, B. C., Weissing, F. J., Visser, M. E., Qvarnström, A., and Sætre, G. P. (2010). Temporal differences in food abundance promote coexistence between two congeneric passerines. Oecologia 162, 873–884.
Temporal differences in food abundance promote coexistence between two congeneric passerines.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20043178PubMed |

Vicario, L., García, C. M., Teich, I., Bertoni, J. C., Ravelo, A., and Rodríguez, A. (2015). Caracterización de las sequías meteorológicas en la región central de la Argentina. Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua 6, 153–165.

Volterra, V. (1927). Variazioni e fluttuazioni del numero di’individui in specie animali conviventi. Regio Comitato Talassografico Italiano 131, 1–209.

Walker, I. (1994). The benthic litter-dwelling macrofauna of the Amazonian forest stream Taruma–Mirim: patterns of colonization and their implications for community stability. Hydrobiologia 291, 75–92.
The benthic litter-dwelling macrofauna of the Amazonian forest stream Taruma–Mirim: patterns of colonization and their implications for community stability.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Walker, I., and Ferreira, M. J. N. (1985). On the populations dynamics and ecology of the shrimp species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia) in the central Amazonian river Taruma–Mirim. Oecologia 66, 264–270.
On the populations dynamics and ecology of the shrimp species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia) in the central Amazonian river Taruma–Mirim.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Wilbur, H. M. (1987). Regulation of structure in complex systems: experimental temporary pond communities. Ecology 68, 1437–1452.
Regulation of structure in complex systems: experimental temporary pond communities.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Williner, V., and Collins, P. A. (2000). ¿Existe jerarquización en las poblaciones de Palaemónidos del valle aluvial del Río Paraná? Natura Neotropicalis 31, 53–60.

Williner, V., and Collins, P. (2002). Variación espacio-temporal de la actividad del camarón dulceacuícola Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae). Ecología Austral 12, 3–10.

Williner, V., Giri, F., and Collins, P. A. (2010). Metapopulations of decapods in the floodplain of Parana River, South America. In ‘Floodplains: Physical Geography, Ecology and Societal Interactions’. (Ed M. A. Alvarez.) pp. 179–199. (Nova Science Publishing: New York.)

Winemiller, K. O. (2004). Floodplain river food webs: generalizations and implications for fisheries management. In ‘Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Management of Large Rivers for Fisheries (LARS2) II’, 11–14 February 2003, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. (Eds R. L. Welcommen and T. Petr.) pp 285–309. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific: Bangkok, Thailand.) Available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/ad526e/ad526e0l.htm#bm21 [Verified 1 September 2016].

Zalocar de Domitrovic, Y., Devercelli, M., and García de Emiliani, M. O. (2007). Phytoplankton. In ‘The Middle Parana River, Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland’. (Eds M. H. Iriondo, J. C. Paggi, and M. J. Parma.) pp. 175–203. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin.)