Biomonitoring of the environmental contamination by organotins in the Gulf of Tunis: occurrence of imposex in Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767)
Wafa Boulajfene A , Jihen Boukhicha A , Alan Deidun B , Daniela Berto C , Teresa Romeo D , Oum Kalthoum Ben Hassine A and Sabiha Tlig-Zouari A E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Unité de Recherche de Biologie Intégrative et Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive des milieux Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie.
B Physical Oceanography Unit, Room 315, Chemistry Building 3rd Floor, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
C Loc. Brondolo (presso Mercato Orticolo), Chioggia Institute, I-30015 Chioggia, Italy.
D Istituto Superiore Protezione Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, I-00144 Rome, Italy.
E Corresponding author. Email: s.zouaritlig@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 66(9) 778-785 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF13301
Submitted: 15 November 2013 Accepted: 30 July 2014 Published: 13 March 2015
Abstract
Imposex has been observed in several regions of the world to affect many species of prosobranch gastropods such as Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767). This irreversible sexual anomaly is caused mainly by the accumulation of organotin compounds in tissues. The present study aimed to confirm the existence of imposex and to determine the different levels of infection in individuals of Stramonita haemastoma collected from different stations along the rocky coastline of the Gulf of Tunis. To do this, 10 stations covering the entire rocky coastline of the gulf were sampled during March–May 2012. Rates of occurrence of imposex suggest that sexual modifications occur to different degrees in this species in all sampled stations of the gulf. The most contaminated sites were harbour areas (Sidi Bou Said and La Goulette). In addition, an inverse relationship between the distances from potential sources of pollution and the occurrence of this sexual anomaly was observed. It should be noted that toxic effects induced by marine xenobiotics could cause the loss of biodiversity and the disruption of this ecosystem stability.
Additional keywords: bioindicator, harbours, pollution, TBT.
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