Effects of a gradient in river regulation on the longitudinal trends in water quality and benthic algal and macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Hunter River, Australia
Daniela P. Cortez A D , Ivor O. Growns A B , Simon M. Mitrovic A C and Richard P. Lim A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centre for Environmental Sustainability, School of the Environment, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
B New South Wales Office of Water, PO Box U245, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
C New South Wales Office of Water, PO Box 3720, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: daniela.cortez@uts.edu.au
Marine and Freshwater Research 63(6) 494-504 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF11210
Submitted: 20 September 2011 Accepted: 6 March 2012 Published: 13 June 2012
Abstract
River regulation impacts lotic ecosystem processes; however, the effect of a gradient of regulation on these attributes has rarely been studied. This study examined the effects of a river regulation gradient on longitudinal trends in water quality and benthic algal and macroinvertebrate assemblages in three tributaries of the Hunter River, New South Wales, Australia. Longitudinal patterns were expected to differ across rivers, with recovery being proportional to its regulation gradient. Significant differences in longitudinal trends were tested using permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) through exploration of the river by distance from source interaction. Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) ordination plots identified sites responsible for any significant interaction observed. Similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) analyses identified variables/taxa responsible for differences at sites below dams. BEST analyses identified environmental variables best explaining biological assemblage patterns. Significant differences in longitudinal trends were observed for all attributes. Increases in the regulation gradient most affected macroinvertebrate assemblages, followed by water quality and benthic algal assemblages respectively. Downstream recovery was absent in the heavily regulated river at its most downstream site, whereas recovery was observed on corresponding sites of the moderately regulated river. The study suggests that a gradient in river regulation increases the magnitude of disruption of lotic ecosystems, with recovery dependent on this gradient.
Additional keywords: bioassessment, downstream recovery, environmental disturbance, serial discontinuity concept.
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