Distribution and movement of a stocked freshwater fish: implications of a variable habitat volume for stocking programs
James A. Smith A B E , Lee J. Baumgartner C , Iain M. Suthers A B and Matthew D. Taylor A B D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
B Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 22, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia.
C Fisheries and Ecosystems Research, Narrandera Fisheries Centre, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Buckingbong Road, Narrandera, NSW 2700, Australia.
D Cronulla Fisheries Research Centre, NSW Department of Primary Industries, 202 Nicholson Parade, Cronulla, NSW 2230, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: james.smith@unsw.edu.au
Marine and Freshwater Research 62(11) 1342-1353 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF11120
Submitted: 31 May 2011 Accepted: 3 September 2011 Published: 12 October 2011
Abstract
Fish are commonly stocked into impoundments globally, yet their patterns of habitat use in this variable environment are rarely incorporated into the management of stocking density. The movement and distribution of Australian bass Macquaria novemaculata (Perchichthyidae) were monitored in two impoundments to assess whether: (1) impoundment populations exhibit behaviour typical of wild or riverine percichthyids; (2) changing gradients of temperature and dissolved oxygen influenced distribution; and (3) the volume of available habitat should be incorporated into the management of these fisheries. Habitat use was determined with a combination of gill netting and ultrasonic telemetry using depth-coded tags. Tagged fish displayed both crepuscular and migratory behaviour typical of the Percichthyidae, but also showed a previously unobserved division between littoral and pelagic foraging strategies. Australian bass showed no obvious thermal preferences, but avoided areas with dissolved oxygen <4 mg L–1. In one impoundment, a combination of hypoxia and water extraction reduced the volume of available habitat to 15% of maximum in March 2009, which coincided with increased catch per unit effort (CPUE) and decreased fish condition. The adaptive behaviour of Australian bass makes them well suited to the variability of impoundments, but annual and stochastic events of habitat reduction should be considered when planning stocking regimes for these fisheries.
Additional keywords: acoustic tags, CPUE, extraction, Fulton’s K, habitat availability, hypoxia, Percichthyidae, tracking.
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