Free Standard AU & NZ Shipping For All Book Orders Over $80!
Register      Login
Marine and Freshwater Research Marine and Freshwater Research Society
Advances in the aquatic sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Annual secondary production of two estuarine mysid species (Mysidacea: Mysidae) inhabiting an intermittently closed estuary, south-eastern New Zealand

Adrian W. T. Lill A C , Gerard. P. Closs A , Candida Savage B and Marc Schallenberg A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.

B Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.

C Corresponding author. Email: gammylill@gmail.com

Marine and Freshwater Research 62(7) 823-834 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF10274
Submitted: 3 November 2011  Accepted: 29 March 2011   Published: 25 July 2011

Abstract

Estimates of secondary production are essential to understanding how communities function. Estimates of secondary production for key species such as mysids are scarce, especially in estuarine environments. There are no estimates for mysid production in intermittently closed estuaries in the world, and no estimates for endemic New Zealand mysids. The current study presents length–mass models for two mysid species (Tenagomysis chiltoni Tattersall, 1923 and T. novae-zealandiae Thomson, 1900) from the south-eastern coast of the South Island, New Zealand. Kaikorai Lagoon, a small intermittently closed estuary, supported a large average annual biomass of T. novae-zealandiae (861.77 mg m–2) and T. chiltoni (971.90 mg m–2). The Hynes average-cohort method was used with length–mass models to estimate the annual production of breeding populations of T. chiltoni and T. novae-zealandiae collected over a year in parts of the Kaikorai Lagoon. Compared with similar temperate ecosystems worldwide, the studied ecosystem indicated high annual production (11 328.8 mg m–2 year–1 and 6585.2 mg m–2 year–1) and turnover rates (P : B) (13.16 and 6.78) for T. novae-zealandiae and T. chiltoni, respectively. High annual secondary production may be due to relatively stable hydrological and food conditions found in intermittently closed estuaries, leading to dense stable populations that are maintained through much of the year.

Additional keywords: lagoon, length-weight relationships, Mysidae, secondary production.


References

Aaser, H. F., Jeppesen, E., and Søndergaard, M. (1995). Seasonal dynamics of the mysid Neomysis integer and its predation on the copepod Eurytemora affinis in a shallow hypertrophic brackish lake. Marine Ecology Progress Series 127, 47–56.
Seasonal dynamics of the mysid Neomysis integer and its predation on the copepod Eurytemora affinis in a shallow hypertrophic brackish lake.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Allen, K. R. (1951). The Horokiwi Stream: a study of a trout population. Fisheries Bulletin N.S. 10, 1–238.

Allen, K. R. (1971). Relation between production and biomass. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 28, 1573–1581.
Relation between production and biomass.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Anderson, G. (2007). Mysid Literature. April 7, 2007. Available at http://peracarida.usm.edu/MysidaLit.pdf (accessed October 2010).

Azeiteiro, U. M. M., Jesus, L., and Marques, J. C. (1999). Distribution, population dynamics, and production of the suprabenthic mysid Mesopodopsis slabberi in the Mondego estuary, Portugal. Journal of Crustacean Biology 19, 498–509.
Distribution, population dynamics, and production of the suprabenthic mysid Mesopodopsis slabberi in the Mondego estuary, Portugal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Azeiteiro, U. M., Fonseca, J., and Marques, J. C. S. (2001). Biometry, estimates of production and seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of Mesopodopsis slabberi (Van Beneden, 1861) (Crustacea: Mysidacea). Boletín del Instituto Español de Oceanografía 17, 15–25.

Becker, A., and Laurenson, L. J. B. (2007). Seasonal and diel comparisons of the diets of four dominant fish species within the main channel and flood-zone of a small intermittently open estuary in south-eastern Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 58, 1086–1095.
Seasonal and diel comparisons of the diets of four dominant fish species within the main channel and flood-zone of a small intermittently open estuary in south-eastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Becker, A., and Laurenson, L. J. B. (2008). Presence of fish on the shallow flooded margins of a small intermittently open estuary in south eastern Australia under variable flooding regimes. Estuaries and Coasts 31, 43–52.
Presence of fish on the shallow flooded margins of a small intermittently open estuary in south eastern Australia under variable flooding regimes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Benke, A. C. (1979). Modification of the Hynes method for estimating secondary production with particular significance for multivoltine populations. Limnology and Oceanography 24, 168–171.
Modification of the Hynes method for estimating secondary production with particular significance for multivoltine populations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Benke, A. C. (1996). Secondary production of macroinvertebrates. In ‘Methods in Stream Ecology’. (Eds R. F. Hauer, G. A. Lamberti.) pp. 557–578. (Academic Press: San Diego, CA.)

Beyst, B., Buysse, D., Dewick, A., and Mees, J. (2001). Surf zone hyperbenthos of Belgian sandy beaches: seasonal patterns. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 53, 877–895.
Surf zone hyperbenthos of Belgian sandy beaches: seasonal patterns.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Bird, D. F., and Prairie, Y. T. (1985). Practical guidelines for the use of zooplankton length–weight regression equations. Journal of Plankton Research 7, 955–960.
Practical guidelines for the use of zooplankton length–weight regression equations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Bremer, P., and Vijverberg, J. (1982). Production, population biology and diet of Neomysis integer (Leach) in a shallow Frisian lake (the Netherlands). Hydrobiologia 93, 41–51.
Production, population biology and diet of Neomysis integer (Leach) in a shallow Frisian lake (the Netherlands).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Brey, T. (1990). Estimating productivity of macrobenthic invertebrates from biomass and mean individual weight. Meeresforschung: Reports on Marine Research 32, 329–343.

Burgher, P. B., and Meyer, E. I. (1997). Regression analysis of linear body dimensions vs. dry mass in stream macroinvertebrates. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie 139, 101–112.

Cabral, H. N., and Ohmert, B. (2001). Diet of juvenile meagre, Argyrosomus regius, within the Tagus estuary. Cahiers de Ecologie Marine 42, 289–293.

Carleton, J. H., and McKinnon, A. D. (2007). Resident mysids: secondary production, consumption, and trophic role in a coral reef lagoon. Marine Ecology Progress Series 336, 89–98.
Resident mysids: secondary production, consumption, and trophic role in a coral reef lagoon.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnt1artbg%3D&md5=5fef70b8200f684be698bb9a5c7bcd4fCAS |

Carr, M. H., Neigel, J. E., Estes, J. A., Andelman, S., Warner, R. R., and Largier, J. L. (2003). Comparing marine and terrestrial ecosystems: implications for the design of coastal marine reserves. Ecological Applications 13, S90–S107.
Comparing marine and terrestrial ecosystems: implications for the design of coastal marine reserves.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cartes, J. E., and Sorbe, J. C. (1999). Estimating secondary production in bathyal suprabenthic peracarid crustaceans from the Catalan Sea slope (western Mediterranean; 391–1255 m). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 239, 195–210.
Estimating secondary production in bathyal suprabenthic peracarid crustaceans from the Catalan Sea slope (western Mediterranean; 391–1255 m).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cartes, J. E., Elizalde, M., and Sorbe, J. C. (2001). Contrasting life-histories, secondary production, and trophic structure of Peracarid assemblages of the bathyal suprabenthos from the Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic) and the Catalan Sea (NW Mediterranean). Deep-sea Research. Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers 48, 2209–2232.
Contrasting life-histories, secondary production, and trophic structure of Peracarid assemblages of the bathyal suprabenthos from the Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic) and the Catalan Sea (NW Mediterranean).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Chapman, M. A., and Lewis, M. H. (1976). ‘An Introduction to the Freshwater Crustacea of New Zealand.’ (William Collins Ltd: Auckland.)

Chapman, M. A., and Thomas, M. F. (1998). An experimental study of feeding in Tenagomysis chiltoni (Crustacea, Mysidacea). Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie 143, 197–209.

Cooper, K. L., Hyatt, K. D., and Rankin, D. P. (1992). Life-history and production of Neomysis mercedis in 2 British Columbia coastal lakes. Hydrobiologia 230, 9–30.
Life-history and production of Neomysis mercedis in 2 British Columbia coastal lakes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Costanza, R., d’Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., et al. (1997). The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387, 253–260.
The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjtlShtbs%3D&md5=d5cb7d6a9fdb002637f22093622cf50eCAS |

Crisp, D. J. (1971). Energy flow measurements. In ‘Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos’. (Eds N. A. Holme, A. O. McIntyre.) pp. 197–279. (Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford, UK.)

Crisp, D. J. (1984). Energy flow measurements. In ‘Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos’. (Eds N. A. Holme, A. O. McIntyre.) pp. 284–372. (Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford, UK.)

Desmond, J. S., Deutschman, D. H., and Zedler, J. B. (2002). Spatial and temporal variation in estuarine fish and invertebrate assemblages: analysis of an 11-year data set. Estuaries 25, 552–569.
Spatial and temporal variation in estuarine fish and invertebrate assemblages: analysis of an 11-year data set.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Drake, P., Arias, A. M., Baldo, F., Cuesta, J. A., Rodriguez, A., et al. (2002). Spatial and temporal variation of the nekton and hyperbenthos from a temperate European estuary with regulated freshwater inflow. Estuaries 25, 451–468.
Spatial and temporal variation of the nekton and hyperbenthos from a temperate European estuary with regulated freshwater inflow.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Fenton, G. E. (1992). Population dynamics of Tenagomysis tasmaniae Fenton, Anisomysis mixta-australis (Zimmer) and Paramesopodopsis rufa Fenton from South-Eastern Tasmania (Crustacea, Mysidacea). Hydrobiologia 246, 173–193.
Population dynamics of Tenagomysis tasmaniae Fenton, Anisomysis mixta-australis (Zimmer) and Paramesopodopsis rufa Fenton from South-Eastern Tasmania (Crustacea, Mysidacea).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Fenton, G. E. (1996). Production and biomass of Tenagomysis tasmaniae Fenton, Anisomysis mixta australis (Zimmer) and Paramesopodopsis rufa Fenton from south-eastern Tasmania (Crustacea: Mysidacea). Hydrobiologia 323, 23–30.
Production and biomass of Tenagomysis tasmaniae Fenton, Anisomysis mixta australis (Zimmer) and Paramesopodopsis rufa Fenton from south-eastern Tasmania (Crustacea: Mysidacea).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Froneman, P. W. (2002). Response of the plankton to three different hydrological phases of the temporarily open/closed Kasouga estuary, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 55, 535–546.
Response of the plankton to three different hydrological phases of the temporarily open/closed Kasouga estuary, South Africa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xot1KmsLc%3D&md5=cf6858eefd26cc61db0d9ffd56e2ade2CAS |

Gaughan, D. J., and Potter, I. C. (1995). Composition, distribution and seasonal abundance of zooplankton in a shallow, seasonally closed estuary in temperate Australia. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 41, 117–135.
Composition, distribution and seasonal abundance of zooplankton in a shallow, seasonally closed estuary in temperate Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

González, J. M., Basaguren, A., and Pozo, J. (2002). Size–mass relationships of stream invertebrates in a northern Spain stream. Hydrobiologia 489, 131–137.
Size–mass relationships of stream invertebrates in a northern Spain stream.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Harrison, T. D., and Whitfield, A. K. (2006). Estuarine typology and the structuring of fish communities in South Africa. Environmental Biology of Fishes 75, 269–293.
Estuarine typology and the structuring of fish communities in South Africa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hostens, K., and Mees, J. (1999). The mysid-feeding guild of demersal fishes in the brackish zone of the Westerschelde Estuary. Journal of Fish Biology 55, 704–719.
The mysid-feeding guild of demersal fishes in the brackish zone of the Westerschelde Estuary.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hynes, H. B. (1961). The invertebrate fauna of a Welsh mountain stream. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie 57, 344–388.

Irvine, K., Snook, D., and Moss, B. (1995). Life histories of Neomysis integer, and its copepod prey, Eurytemora affinis, in a eutrophic and brackish shallow lake. Hydrobiologia 304, 59–76.
Life histories of Neomysis integer, and its copepod prey, Eurytemora affinis, in a eutrophic and brackish shallow lake.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

James, M. R., Weatherhead, M., Stanger, C., and Graynoth, E. (1998). Macroinvertebrate distribution in the littoral zone of Lake Coleridge, South Island, New Zealand – effects of habitat stability, wind exposure, and macrophytes. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 32, 287–305.
Macroinvertebrate distribution in the littoral zone of Lake Coleridge, South Island, New Zealand – effects of habitat stability, wind exposure, and macrophytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Kibirige, I., and Perissinotto, R. (2003). The zooplankton community of the Mpenjati Estuary, a South African temporarily open/closed system. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 58, 727–741.
The zooplankton community of the Mpenjati Estuary, a South African temporarily open/closed system.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Kirk, P. D. (1983). The biology of the mysid shrimps of the lower Waikato area. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Kjellberg, G., Hessen, D. O., and Nilssen, J. P. (1991). Life history, growth and production of Mysis relicta in the large, fiord-type Lake Mjøsa, Norway. Freshwater Biology 26, 165–173.
Life history, growth and production of Mysis relicta in the large, fiord-type Lake Mjøsa, Norway.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Lasenby, D. C., Yan, N. D., and Futter, M. N. (1994). Changes in body dimensions of larval Chaoborus in ethanol and formalin. Journal of Plankton Research 16, 1601–1608.
Changes in body dimensions of larval Chaoborus in ethanol and formalin.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Leuven, R., Brock, T. C. M., and van Druten, H. A. M. (1985). Effects of preservation on dry- and ash-free dry-weight biomass of some aquatic macro-invertebrates. Hydrobiologia 127, 151–159.
Effects of preservation on dry- and ash-free dry-weight biomass of some aquatic macro-invertebrates.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXmtFSgtLc%3D&md5=3f65f2bd72ea9e550af39a02fa9cb643CAS |

Lill, A. W. T., Lal, A., and Closs, G. P. (2010). Life history and reproduction of two abundant mysids (Mysidacea: Mysidae) in an intermittently open New Zealand estuary. Marine and Freshwater Research 61, 633–641.
Life history and reproduction of two abundant mysids (Mysidacea: Mysidae) in an intermittently open New Zealand estuary.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnvFKqtb0%3D&md5=44040a741c61880c8af2a54864e3b3a8CAS |

Lill, A. W. T., Closs, G. P., and Schallenberg, M. (2011). Late summer hyperbenthic estuarine communities: Comparing permanently open and intermittently closed systems along the Otago coastline. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 45, 73–83.
Late summer hyperbenthic estuarine communities: Comparing permanently open and intermittently closed systems along the Otago coastline.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Mauchline, J. (1980). The biology of mysids and euphausids. Advances in Marine Biology 18, 1–219.

Mees, J., Abdulkerim, Z., and Hamerlynck, O. (1994). Life-history, growth and production of Neomysis integer in the Westerschelde Estuary (SW Netherlands). Marine Ecology Progress Series 109, 43–57.
Life-history, growth and production of Neomysis integer in the Westerschelde Estuary (SW Netherlands).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Menzie, C. A. (1980). A note on the Hynes method of estimating production. Limnology and Oceanography 25, 770–773.
A note on the Hynes method of estimating production.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Meyer, E. (1989). The relationship between body length parameters and dry mass in running water invertebrates. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie 117, 191–203.

Miller, D. C., Geider, R. J., and MacIntyre, H. L. (1996). Microphytobenthos: the ecological role of the ‘secret garden’ of unvegetated, shallow-water marine habitats. II. Role in sediment stability and shallow-water food webs. Estuaries 19, 202–212.
Microphytobenthos: the ecological role of the ‘secret garden’ of unvegetated, shallow-water marine habitats. II. Role in sediment stability and shallow-water food webs.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Miño, S. (2006). Population dynamics of Metamysidopsis sp. (Tattersall, 1951), from Ecuador. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Antwerp/University of Brussels (ECOMAMA), Brussels, Belgium.

Montoya-Maya, P. H., and Strydom, N. A. (2009). Zooplankton composition, abundance and distribution in selected south and west coast estuaries in South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science 34, 147–157.
Zooplankton composition, abundance and distribution in selected south and west coast estuaries in South Africa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Morin, A., and Bourassa, N. (1992). Modèles empiriques de la production annuelle et du rapport P/B d’invertébrés benthiques d’eau courante. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, 532–539.
Modèles empiriques de la production annuelle et du rapport P/B d’invertébrés benthiques d’eau courante.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Mulkins, L. M., Jelinski, D. E., Karagatzides, J. D., and Carr, A. (2002). Carbon isotope composition of mysids at a terrestrial-marine ecotone, Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 54, 669–675.
Carbon isotope composition of mysids at a terrestrial-marine ecotone, Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XkvFeitLY%3D&md5=4a8550f238800391fdd86f33858846b0CAS |

Nozais, C., Perissinotto, R., and Mundree, S. (2001). Annual cycle of microalgal biomass in a South African temporarily-open estuary: nutrient versus light limitation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 223, 39–48.
Annual cycle of microalgal biomass in a South African temporarily-open estuary: nutrient versus light limitation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Pechen, G. A., and Shushskina, E. A. (1964). Production of planktonic crustaceans in different lakes. In ‘Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Inland Waters of the Baltic Area, Minsk, 1964’. pp. 249–256. [In Russian.]

Perissinotto, R., Nozais, C., and Kibirige, I. (2002). Spatio-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton and microphytobenthos in a South African temporarily-open estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 55, 47–58.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton and microphytobenthos in a South African temporarily-open estuary.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmsFWmsb4%3D&md5=3d4b10f2713961420bc66631c861fc26CAS |

Perissinotto, R., Nozais, C., Kibirige, I., and Anandraj, A. (2003). Planktonic food webs and benthic–pelagic coupling in three South African temporarily-open estuaries. Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology 24, S307–S316.
Planktonic food webs and benthic–pelagic coupling in three South African temporarily-open estuaries.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Petrovich, P. G., Shushkina, E. A., and Pechen, G. A. (1964). Raschet producktsii zooplanktona. Doklady Akademii Nauk Sojus Sowjetskich Sozialistitscheskich Respublik 139, 1235–1238.

Ranasinghe, R., and Pattiaratchi, C. (2003). The seasonal closure of tidal inlets: causes and effects. Coastal Engineering Journal 45, 601–627.
The seasonal closure of tidal inlets: causes and effects.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Richoux, N. B., Deibel, D., and Thompson, R. J. (2004). Population biology of hyperbenthic crustaceans in a cold water environment (Conception Bay, Newfoundland). I. Mysis mixta (Mysidacea). Marine Biology 144, 881–894.
Population biology of hyperbenthic crustaceans in a cold water environment (Conception Bay, Newfoundland). I. Mysis mixta (Mysidacea).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Rigler, F. H., and Downing, J. A. (1984). The calculation of secondary productivity. In ‘A Manual on Methods for the Assessment of Secondary Productivity in Fresh Waters’. (Eds J. Downing and F. Rigler.) pp. 19–58. (Blackwell: Oxford, UK.)

Roy, P. S., Williams, R. J., Jones, A. R., Yassini, I., Gibbs, P. J., et al. (2001). Structure and function of south-east Australian estuaries. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 53, 351–384.
Structure and function of south-east Australian estuaries.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

San Vicente, C., and Sorbe, J. C. (1995). Biology of the suprabenthic mysid Schistomysis spiritus (Norman, 1860) in the southeastern part of the Bay of Biscay. Scientia Marina 59, 71–86.

San Vicente, C., and Sorbe, J. C. (1999). Spatio-temporal structure of the suprabenthic community from Creixell beach (western Mediterranean). Acta Oecologica – International Journal of Ecology 20, 377–389.
Spatio-temporal structure of the suprabenthic community from Creixell beach (western Mediterranean).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Sell, D. W. (1982). Size-frequency estimates of secondary production by Mysis relicta in Lakes Michigan and Huron. Hydrobiologia 93, 69–78.
Size-frequency estimates of secondary production by Mysis relicta in Lakes Michigan and Huron.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Siegel, V., and Mühlenhardt-Siegel, U. (1988). On the occurrence and biology of some Antarctic Mysidacea (Crustacea). Polar Biology 8, 181–190.
On the occurrence and biology of some Antarctic Mysidacea (Crustacea).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Smock, L. A. (1980). Relationships between body size and biomass of aquatic insects. Freshwater Biology 10, 375–383.
Relationships between body size and biomass of aquatic insects.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Stoffels, R. A., Karbe, S., and Paterson, R. A. (2003). Length–mass models for some common New Zealand littoral–benthic macroinvertebrates, with a note on within-taxon variability in parameter values among published models. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 37, 449–460.
Length–mass models for some common New Zealand littoral–benthic macroinvertebrates, with a note on within-taxon variability in parameter values among published models.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Stokesbury, K. D. E., Bichy, J. B., and Ross, S. W. (1999). Selectivity and efficiency of two otter trawls used to assess estuarine fish and macroinvertebrate populations in North Carolina. Estuaries 22, 882–888.
Selectivity and efficiency of two otter trawls used to assess estuarine fish and macroinvertebrate populations in North Carolina.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Teske, P. R., and Wooldridge, T. (2001). A comparison of the macrobenthic faunas of permanently open and temporarily open/closed South African estuaries. Hydrobiologia 464, 227–243.
A comparison of the macrobenthic faunas of permanently open and temporarily open/closed South African estuaries.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Towers, D. J., Henderson, I. M., and Veltman, C. J. (1994). Predicting dry weight of New Zealand aquatic macroinvertebrates from linear dimensions. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 28, 159–166.
Predicting dry weight of New Zealand aquatic macroinvertebrates from linear dimensions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Whitfield, A., and Bate, G. (2007). A review of information on temporarily open/closed estuaries in the warm and cool temperate biogeographic regions of South Africa, with particular emphasis on the influence of river flow on these systems. Water Research Commission, Report 1581/1/07, Pretoria, South Africa.

Winberg, G. G. (ed.) (1971). ‘Methods for the Estimation of Production of Aquatic Animals.’ (Academic Press: London.)

Wooldridge, T. H. (1986). Distribution, population dynamics and estimates of production for the estuarine mysid, Rhopalophthalmus terranatalis. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 23, 205–223.
Distribution, population dynamics and estimates of production for the estuarine mysid, Rhopalophthalmus terranatalis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Wooldridge, T. H., and Bailey, C. (1982). Euryhaline zooplankton of the Sundays estuary and notes on trophic relationships. South African Journal of Zoology 17, 151–163.

Yamada, K., Takahashi, K., Vallet, C., Taguchi, S., and Toda, T. (2007). Distribution, life history, and production of three species of Neomysis in Akkeshi-ko estuary, northern Japan. Marine Biology 150, 905–917.
Distribution, life history, and production of three species of Neomysis in Akkeshi-ko estuary, northern Japan.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |