HLA and immunodominance in viral infection: T-cell responses in protection and immunopathogenesis
Allison Imrie A B and Suzi McCarthy A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia and PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, WA, Australia
B Email: allison.imrie@uwa.edu.au
Microbiology Australia 42(2) 84-86 https://doi.org/10.1071/MA21020
Submitted: 5 May 2021 Accepted: 11 May 2021 Published: 20 May 2021
Journal Compilation © The Authors 2021 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND, published (by CSIRO Publishing) on behalf of the ASM
Abstract
The protective role of T cells in viral infection is well described. T cells generally mediate anti-viral immune responses via direct cytotoxicity and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, by providing help to B cells and by promotion of memory responses. A fundamental step in T cell responses involves presentation of viral peptide antigens in the context of human leucocyte antigens (HLA), to the T-cell receptor. HLA are highly polymorphic cell surface molecules that present a vast array of peptides to T cells and induce their activation, differentiation and proliferation into effector cells which can eliminate microbial infection.
References
[1] Zinkernagel, R.M. and Doherty, P.C. (1974) Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a sungeneic or semiallogeneic system. Nature 248, 701–702.| Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a sungeneic or semiallogeneic system.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 4133807PubMed |
[2] Robinson, J. et al. (2020) PD-IMGT/HLA Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 48, D948–D955.
| PD-IMGT/HLA Database.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 31667505PubMed |
[3] Phillips, R.E. et al. (1991) Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition. Nature 354, 453–459.
| Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1721107PubMed |
[4] Goulder, P.J. et al. (1997) Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. Nat. Med. 3, 212–217.
| Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 9018241PubMed |
[5] Troyer, R.M. et al. (2009) Variable fitness impact of HIV-1 escape mutations to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. PLoS Pathog. 5, e1000365.
| Variable fitness impact of HIV-1 escape mutations to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19343217PubMed |
[6] Kiepiela, P. et al. (2007) CD8+ T-cell responses to different HIV proteins have discordant associations with viral load. Nat. Med. 13, 46–53.
| CD8+ T-cell responses to different HIV proteins have discordant associations with viral load.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17173051PubMed |
[7] Pereyra, F. et al. (2010) The major genetic determinants of HIV-1 control affect HLA class I peptide presentation. Science 330, 1551–1557.
| The major genetic determinants of HIV-1 control affect HLA class I peptide presentation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21051598PubMed |
[8] Chen, H. (2012) TCR clonotypes modulate the protective effects of HLA. Nat. Immunol. 13, 691–700.
| TCR clonotypes modulate the protective effects of HLA.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22683743PubMed |
[9] Imrie, A. et al. (2007) Antibody to dengue 1 detected more than 60 years after infection. Viral Immunol. 20, 672–675.
| Antibody to dengue 1 detected more than 60 years after infection.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18158740PubMed |
[10] Vaughn, D.W. et al. (2000) Dengue viremia titer, antibody response pattern, and virus serotype correlate with disease severity. J. Infect. Dis. 181, 2–9.
| Dengue viremia titer, antibody response pattern, and virus serotype correlate with disease severity.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 10608744PubMed |
[11] Mongkolsapaya, J. et al. (2003) Original antigenic sin and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Nat. Med. 9, 921–927.
| Original antigenic sin and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 12808447PubMed |
[12] Imrie, A. et al. (2007) Differential functional avidity of dengue virus-specific T cell clones for variant peptides representing heterologous and previously encountered serotypes. J. Virol. 81, 10081–10091.
| Differential functional avidity of dengue virus-specific T cell clones for variant peptides representing heterologous and previously encountered serotypes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17626101PubMed |
[13] Loke, H. et al. (2001) Strong HLA class I-restricted T cell responses in dengue hemorrhagic fever: a double-edged sword? J. Infect. Dis. 184, 1369–1373.
| Strong HLA class I-restricted T cell responses in dengue hemorrhagic fever: a double-edged sword?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 11709777PubMed |
[14] Lan, N.T.P. et al. (2008) Protective and enhancing HLA alleles, HLA-DRB1*0901 and HLA-A*24, for severe forms of dengue virus infection, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2, e304.
| Protective and enhancing HLA alleles, HLA-DRB1*0901 and HLA-A*24, for severe forms of dengue virus infection, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[15] Weiskopf, D. et al. (2013) Comprehensive analysis of dengue virus-specific responses supports an HLA-linked protective role for CD8+ T cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, E2046–E2053.
| Comprehensive analysis of dengue virus-specific responses supports an HLA-linked protective role for CD8+ T cellsCrossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23580623PubMed |
[16] de Alwis, R. et al. (2016) Immunodominant dengue virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses are associated with a memory PD-1+phenotype. J. Virol. 90, 4771–4779.
| Immunodominant dengue virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses are associated with a memory PD-1+phenotype.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26912627PubMed |
[17] Zheng, H.Y. et al. (2020) Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients. Cell. Mol. Immunol. 17, 541–543.
| Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32203186PubMed |
[18] Grifoni, A. et al. (2020) Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals. Cell 181, 1489–1501.e15.
| Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32473127PubMed |
