Understanding the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic as evolution in action

References

[1]  https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/18/science/virus-outbreak-rabbits.html?algo=identity&fellback=false&imp_id=396956005&imp_id=355015288&action=click&module=Science%20%20Technology&pgtype=Homepage

[2]  https://www.oie.int/en/animal-health-in-the-world/animal-diseases/african-swine-fever/

[3]  https://www.newscientist.com/article/2222501-a-quarter-of-all-pigs-have-died-this-year-due-to-african-swine-fever/

[4]  https://www.the-scientist.com/daily-news/origin-of-frog-killing-chytrid-fungus-found-36616

[5]  https://www.acf.org/the-american-chestnut/history-american-chestnut/

[6]  https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/feb/09/blight-fight-the-story-of-americas-chestnuts-offers-hope-for-british-trees

[7]  https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/business-priorities/biosecurity/animal-biosecurity-welfare/animal-health-pests-diseases/a-z-list-of-significant-animal-pests-and-diseases/white-nose-syndrome/white-nose-syndrome

[8]  Wilson, E.O. (2020) Genesis: The Deep Origins of Societies. Penguin.

[9]  Hölldobler, B. and Wilson, E.O. (2009) The Superorganism: The Beauty, Elegance and Strangeness of Insect Societies. W. W. Norton and Co.

[10]  McNeill, W.H. (1976) Plagues and Peoples. Anchor Books.

[11]  Lederberg, J. (1988) Pandemic as a natural evolutionary phenomenon. Social Research 55, 343–359.

[12]  Kucharski, A. (2020) The Rules of Contagion: Why Things Spread and Why They Stop. Profile Books.

[13]  Snowden, F. (2019) Epidemics and Society: From the Black Death to the Present. Yale University Press.

[14]  https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/19/science/coronavirus-rats-vietnam.html?referringSource=articleShare

[15]  Boni, M.F. et al. (2020) Evolutionary origins of the SARS-CoV-2 sarbecovirus lineage responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat. Microbiol. , .
| Evolutionary origins of the SARS-CoV-2 sarbecovirus lineage responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32724171PubMed |

[16]  Cyranowski, D. (2020) Profile of a killer: the complex biology powering the coronavirus pandemic. Nature, News feature, 4 May. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01315-7

[17]  Piel, F.B. et al. (2017) Sickle cell disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 376, 1561–1573.
| Sickle cell disease.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28423290PubMed |

[18]  https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/03/health/coronavirus-blood-type-genetics.html?action=click&algo=top_conversion&block=trending_recirc&fellback=false&imp_id=839560899&impression_id=276097808&index=1&pgtype=Article&region=footer

[19]  Bunyavanich, S. et al. (2020) Racial/ethnic variation in nasal gene expression of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). JAMA. , .
| Racial/ethnic variation in nasal gene expression of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32910146PubMed |

[20]  McNeill, W.H. (1976) Appendix: epidemics in China [BCE 243BC to CE 1911]. In Plagues and Peoples, p. 297. Anchor Books. https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/112492/plagues-and-peoples-by-william-h-mcneill/

[21]  Marr, J.S. and Cathey, J.T. (2010) New hypothesis for cause of epidemic among Native Americans, New England, 1616–1619. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16, 281–286.
| New hypothesis for cause of epidemic among Native Americans, New England, 1616–1619.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20113559PubMed |

[22]  Mann, C.C. (2005) Native intelligence. Smithsonian Magazine, December. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/native-intelligence-109314481/

[23]  Mead, S. et al. (2009) A novel protective prion protein variant that co-localizes with kuru exposure. N. Engl. J. Med. 361, 2056–2065.
| A novel protective prion protein variant that co-localizes with kuru exposure.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19923577PubMed |

[24]  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/15/teenage-boy-dies-plague-mongolia-after-eating-marmot?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

[25]  McNeill, W.H1976 Chapter III: Confluence of civilized disease. In Plagues and Peoples. pp. 94-159. Anchor Books.

[26]  Düx, A. et al. (2020) Measles virus and rinderpest virus divergence dated to the sixth century BCE. Science 368, 1367–1370.
| Measles virus and rinderpest virus divergence dated to the sixth century BCE.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32554594PubMed |

[27]  Mühlemann, B. et al. (2020) Diverse variola virus (smallpox) strains were widespread in northern Europe in the Viking Age. Science 369, eaaw897724.
| 32703849PubMed |

[28]  https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/bubonic-plague

[29]  https://www.reddit.com/r/nyc/comments/cg2v4b/the_conquest_of_pestilence_in_nyc_18002017/

[30]  Cairns, W. (2020) Disaster of system failure: challenges for healthcare in 21st century. MJA InSight+ 13 January. https://insightplus.mja.com.au/2020/1/disaster-of-system-failure-challenges-for-health-care-in-2020/

[31]  https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/19/opinion/trump-coronavirus.html?action=click&module=Opinion&pgtype=Homepage

[32]  Gibb, R. et al. (2020) Zoonotic host diversity increases in human-dominated ecosystems. Nature 584, 398–402.
| Zoonotic host diversity increases in human-dominated ecosystems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32759999PubMed |

[33]  https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/11/ticks-lyme-disease-climate-change-us?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

[34]  Nurse, P. (2020) What is Life?: Understand Biology in Five Steps. Scribe Publications.

[35]  Cairns, W. (2014) Death Rules: How Death Shapes Life on Earth, and What it Means for Us. Vivid Publishing (e-book).