Adjuvants for the next generation of vaccines

Abstract

The use of aluminium phosphate to enhance the immune response to vaccines was first described by Glenny and Pope in 19261, and for the ensuing 70 years aluminium-based adjuvants (alum) were the only adjuvants used in registered human vaccines. It is only in the last two decades that novel adjuvants have been utilised in the formulation of newly licensed human vaccines.