Systematics of the palisade trapdoor spiders (Euoplos) of south-eastern Queensland (Araneae : Mygalomorphae : Idiopidae): four new species distinguished by their burrow entrance architecture
Jeremy D. Wilson A C , Michael G. Rix B , Robert J. Raven B , Daniel J. Schmidt A and Jane M. Hughes A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia.
B Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: jeremy.wilson@griffithuni.edu.au
Invertebrate Systematics 33(2) 253-276 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS18014
Submitted: 15 February 2018 Accepted: 3 May 2018 Published: 4 April 2019
Abstract
Within the spiny trapdoor spider genus Euoplos Rainbow exists a group of species from south-eastern Queensland that create unusual ‘palisade’ burrow entrances. Despite their intriguing burrows, the group was only recently circumscribed, and all species within it were undescribed. In this study, by undertaking a molecular phylogenetic analysis of two mitochondrial markers and seven nuclear markers, we confirm that the palisade trapdoor spiders, here formally named the ‘turrificus-group’, are monophyletic. We further recognise four species based on morphological, molecular and behavioural characters: E. crenatus, sp. nov., E. goomboorian, sp. nov., E. thynnearum, sp. nov. and E. turrificus, sp. nov. Morphological taxonomic data for each species are presented alongside information on their distribution, habitat preferences and burrow architecture. A key to species within the turrificus-group is also provided. The unusual burrow entrances of these spiders, which project out from the surrounding substrate, are found to exhibit structural autapomorphies, which allow species-level identification. Consequently, we include features of burrow architecture in our key and species diagnoses. This provides a non-intrusive method for distinguishing species in the field. Finally, we conclude that all species within the turrificus-group are likely to represent short-range endemic taxa.
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F2E042DC-DA14-4751-A48B-A367ABC272D9
Additional keywords: Arachnida, Arbanitinae, Australia, phylogeny.
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