Evolutionary history of the Australasian Scirtinae (Scirtidae; Coleoptera) inferred from ultraconserved elements
Tessa M. Bradford
A B * , Rafał Ruta C , Steven J. B. Cooper A B , María L. Libonatti D and Chris H. S. Watts A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
B The Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
C Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, PL-51-148 Wrocław, Poland.
D Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avenida Int. Güiraldes 2160 Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Invertebrate Systematics 36(4) 291-305 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21053
Submitted: 19 July 2021 Accepted: 11 January 2022 Published: 4 May 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing.
Abstract
The Scirtidae Fleming, 1821 has been identified as one of the earliest diverging groups of Polyphagan beetles and is particularly speciose in Australia. However, very little is known about the origin of the Australian scirtids and there is a need for a robust, well-supported phylogeny to guide the genus and species descriptions and understand the relationships among taxa. In this study we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of the Australian Scirtinae Fleming, 1821, using DNA sequence data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and included representative taxa from New Zealand, New Caledonia, South America, South Africa and Eurasia in the analysis. Bayesian analyses of a concatenated dataset from 79 taxa recovered four major Southern Hemisphere groupings and two Australian–Eurasian groupings. The Veronatus group mainly consisted of genera from New Zealand, with the three Australian representatives only distantly related to each other. Relaxed molecular clock analyses, using the estimated age of the crown node of the Polyphaga for calibration, support a Gondwanan history for four of the groups of Australian Scirtinae and a northern origin for two groups. Our results highlight the value of commercially available UCEs for resolving the phylogenetic history of ancient groups of Coleoptera.
Keywords: biogeography, Marsh beetles, phylogenomics, Scirtinae, systematics, UCEs, ultraconserved elements.
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