Free Standard AU & NZ Shipping For All Book Orders Over $80!
Register      Login
Invertebrate Systematics Invertebrate Systematics Society
Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography
Shopping Cart: ( empty )
You are here: Home > Journals > IS > IS08044
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 23(2)

Phylogenetic relationships within Philodromidae, with a taxonomic revision of Philodromus subgenus Artanes in the western Palearctic (Arachnida : Araneae)

Christoph Muster
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

Institute of Biology II, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. Email: muster@rz.uni-leipzig.de

Invertebrate Systematics 23(2) 135-169 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS08044
Submitted: 23 December 2008  Accepted: 26 March 2009   Published: 4 June 2009

Abstract

The first quantitative phylogenetic analysis within the spider family Philodromidae (using 65 morphological characters from 40 ingroup taxa) does not corroborate Schick’s division into the tribes Thanatini (Apollophanes O. P.-Cambridge, 1898, Pelloctanes Schick, 1965, Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837; Tibellus, Simon, 1875) and Philodromini (Ebo Keyserling, 1884, Philodromus Walckenaer, 1826; Rhysodromus Schick, 1965). Instead, Ebo is sister to all other genera in the family, and a fraction of Philodromus (the histrio species-group = Rhysodromus Schick) are contained with the Thanatini. The forgotten genus Artanes Thorell, 1870 constitutes a well-defined distal taxon in a clade that contains the majority of Philodromus species. Here Artanes is considered a subgenus of Philodromus, and includes the margaritatus and the poecilus species-groups. The western Palearctic species of the subgenus are revised. Twelve species are (re-)described, keyed and illustrated: Philodromus blanckei (Wunderlich, 1995) (first description of ♀); P. calidus Lucas, 1846; P. femurostriatus, sp. nov. from the eastern Mediterranean; P. fuscomarginatus (De Geer, 1778); P. johani, sp. nov. from Crete; P. laricium Simon, 1875, removed from synonymy with P. corticinus (C. L. Koch); P. maghrebi, sp. nov. from northern Africa (♀ only); P. margaritatus (Clerck, 1757); P. parietalis Simon, 1875; P. pentheri, sp. nov. from the Caspian region and Albania (♀ only); P. pinetorum, sp. nov. from the Mediterranean; and P. poecilus (Thorell, 1872).


Acknowledgements

This research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/ which is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 ‘Structuring the European Research Area’ Program. The hospitality of the hosts Christoph Hörweg/Jürgen Gruber (NHWM) and Christine Rollard (MNHN) contributed to the success of this project. I gratefully acknowledge Waltraud Klepal and the team of the Ultrastructure Laboratory (University of Vienna) for advice and assistance with electron microscopy. This study would not have been possible without the generous loan of specimens from the following persons and institutions: Janet Beccaloni (BMNH), Theo Blick (Hummeltal), Robert Bosmans (CB), Jason Dunlop and Anja Friederichs (ZMHB), Karl Hermann Harms (Rheinstetten), Peter Jäger and Julia Altmann (SMF), Barbara Knoflach (CTh), Torbjörn Kronestedt (NHRS), Dmitri Logunov (The Manchester Museum), Stefan Otto (Leipzig), Norman Platnick (AMNH), Christine Rollard and Elise-Anne Leguin (MNHN), Katrin Schniebs (MTD), Johan van Keer (CJK), Jörg Wunderlich (CJW), and Zeghan Yilmaz (Uluda? University Bursa). Julia Altmann, Theo Blick, Dmitri Logunov, Mayumi Matsuda, Hirotsugu Ono and Marek Zabka were of great help in providing copies of rare and old literature. Thanks are due to Milan Řecáč for translation of a passage from Miller’s ‘Pavouci-Araneida’. Otto Kraus and Norman Platnick gave valuable advice on nomenclatorial problems. Barbara Knoflach and Otto Kraus commented on an earlier draft of the manuscript. My warmest thanks go to the late Konrad Thaler for the inspiration to this study.


References


Aakra K. (2000) New records of spiders (Araneae) from Norway with notes on epigynal characters of Philodromus fuscomarginatus (De Geer) (Philodromidae) and Araneus sturmi (Hahn) (Araneidae). Norwegian Journal of Entomology 47, 77–88. [Verified 11 December 2008].

Fickert C. (1876) Verzeichniss der schlesischen Spinnen. Zeitschrift für Entomologie Breslau (N. F.) 5, 46–76. [Verified 20 March 2008].

Ono H. (1988). ‘A revisional study of the spider family Thomisidae (Arachnida, Araneae) of Japan.’ (National Science Museum: Tokyo, Japan.)

Paik K. Y. (1979) Korean spiders of the genus Philodromus (Araneae: Thomisidae). Research Review of Kyungpook National University 28, 421–452. [Verified 17 April 2008].

Prach H. (1866) Monographie der Thomisiden (Krabbenspinnen) der Gegend von Prag, mit einem Anhange, das Verzeichniiss der Umgebung unserer Haupstadt aufgefunden Araneen enthaltend. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 16, 597–638. open url image1

Punda H. (1975). ‘Pajaki Borów Sosnowych.’ (Polska Akad. Nauk: Warsaw, Poland).

Reimoser E. (1930) Einheimische Spinnen 5. Die Natur (Wien) 6, 9–15. open url image1

Roberts M. J. (1985). ‘The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland.’ Vol. 1: Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. (Harley Books: Colchester, UK.)

Roberts M. J. (1995). ‘Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe.’ (HarperCollins: London, UK.)

Roberts M. J. (1998). Spinnengids. (Tirion: Baarn, The Netherlands.)

Saito S. (1939) On the spiders from Tohoku (northernmost part of the main island), Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Museum Research Bulletin. 18, 1–91. open url image1

Schenkel E. (1927) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der schweizerischen Spinnenfauna. III. Teil. Spinnen von Saas-Fee. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 34, 221–267. open url image1

Schick R. X. (1965) The crab spiders of California (Araneae, Thomisidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 129, 1–180. open url image1

Scopoli J. A. (1763). ‘Entomologia carniolica, exhibens insecta carniolae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana.’ (Trattner: Vindobonae, Austria.)

Simon E. (1864). ‘Histoire naturelle des araignées (aranéides).’ (Roret: Paris, France.)

Simon E. (1875). ‘Les arachnides de France.’ Vol. 2. (Roret: Paris, France.)

Simon E. (1895). ‘Histoire naturelle des araignées.’ (Roret: Paris, France.)

Simon E. (1918) Notes sur la synonymie de plusiers espèces de la famille des thomisides. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 1918, 51–52. open url image1

Simon E. (1932). ‘Les arachnides de France 6(4).’ (Roret: Paris, France.)

Sulzer J. H. (1776). ‘Abgekürzte Geschichte der Insekten, nach dem Linnaeischen System.’ (Steiner: Winterthur, Switzerland.)

Sundevall J. C. (1833) Svenska spindlarnes beskrifning. Fortsättning och slut. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 1832, 172–272. open url image1

Szita E., Logunov D. V. (2008) A review of the histrio group of the spider genus Philodromus Walckenaer, 1826 (Araneae, Philodromidae) of the eastern Palaearctic region. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 54, 23–73. open url image1

Szita E., Samu F. (2000) Taxonomical review of Thanatus species (Philodromidae, Araneae) of Hungary. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 46, 155–179. open url image1

Thaler K. (1981) Bemerkenswerte Spinnenfunde in Nordtirol (Österreich). Veröffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum (Innsbruck) 61, 105–150. open url image1

Thaler K. (1997) Beiträge zur Spinnenfauna von Nordtirol - 4. Dionycha (Anyphaenidae, Clubionidae, Heteropodidae, Liocranidae, Philodromidae, Salticidae, Thomisidae, Zoridae). Veröffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum (Innsbruck) 77, 233–285. open url image1

Thorell T. (1856) Recensio critica aranearum suecicarum quas descripserunt Clerckius, Linnaeus, de Geerus. Nova acta regiae Societatis Scientarum Upsaliensis 2, 61–176. open url image1

Thorell T. (1870) On European spiders. Part I. Review of the European genera of spiders, preceded by some observations on zoological nomenclature. Nova acta regiae Societatis Scientarum Upsaliensis 7, 109–242. open url image1

Thorell T. (1872). ‘Remarks on synonyms of European spiders.’ Part III. (C. J. Lundström: Upsala, Sweden.)

Tullgren A. (1944). ‘Svensk Spindelfauna. 3. Egentliga spindlar. Araneae. Fam. 1–4. Salticidae, Thomisidae, Philodromidae och Eusparassidae.’ (Entomologiska Föreningen: Stockholm, Sweden.)

Tyschchenko V. P. (1971). ‘Opredelitel’ paukov evropejskoj casti SSSR’. (Akademia Nauk SSSR: Leningrad, Soviet Union.)

Ubick D. , Paquin P. , Cushing P. E. , and Roth V. (Eds) (2005). ‘Spiders of North America – an identification manual.’ (American Arachnological Society: Poughkeepsie, NY.)

Urones C. (1995) Catálogo y atlas de las Arañas de la familia Philodromidae Thorell, 1870 de la península Ibérica e islas Baleares. Graellsia 51, 55–81. open url image1

Vilbaste A. (1969). ‘Eesti Ämblikud I. Krabiämbliklased (Xysticidae), Jooksikämbliklased (Philodromidae) ja Hüpikämbliklased (Salticidae).’ (Kirjastus ‘Valgus’: Tallinn, Soviet Union.)

Walckenaer C. A. (1802). ‘Faune Parisienne, Insectes. T. 1-2. Ou histoire abrégée des insectes des environs de Paris, classés d’après le systême de Fabricius. Précédée d’un Discours sur les Insectes en général, pour servir d’introduction à l’étude de l’entomologie.’ (Dentu: Paris, France).

Walckenaer C. A. (1805). ‘Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions.’ (Imprimerie Royale: Paris, France.)

Walckenaer C. A. (1826). Aranéides. In ‘Faune française ou histoire naturelle générale et particulière des animaux qui se trouvent en France, constamment ou passagèrement, à la surface du sol, dans les eaux qui le baignent et dans le littoral des mers qui le bornent par Viellot, Desmarrey, Ducrotoy, Audinet, Lepelletier et Walckenaer.’ (livr. 11-12) pp. 1–96 (Levrault: Paris, France.)

Walckenaer C. A. (1830). Aranéides. In ‘Faune française ou histoire naturelle générale et particulière des animaux qui se trouvent en France, constamment ou passagèrement, à la surface du sol, dans les eaux qui le baignent et dans le littoral des mers qui le bornent par Viellot, Desmarrey, Ducrotoy, Audinet, Lepelletier et Walckenaer.’ (livr. 26) pp. 97–175 (Levrault: Paris, France.)

Walckenaer C. A. (1837). ‘Histoire naturelle des insectes. Aptères.’ (Roret: Paris, France.)

Westring N. (1851) Förteckning öfver de till närvarande tid Kände, i Sverige förekommande Spindlarter, utgörande ett antal af 253, deraf 132 äro nya för svenska Faunan. Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhällers Handlingar 2, 25–62. open url image1

Westring N. (1861) Araneae svecieae. Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhällers Handlingar 7, 1–615. open url image1

Westring N. (1874) Bemerkungen über die Arachnologischen Abhandlungen von Dr T. Thorell unter dem Titel: 1°, On European Spiders, pts 1 et 2, Upsala, 1869–70. 2°, Remarks on Synonyms of European Spiders, Upsala, 1872–73. Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhällers Handlingar 14, 1–68. open url image1

Wunderlich J. (1995) Zur Kenntnis der Endemiten, zur Evolution und zur Biogeographie der Spinnen Korsikas und Sardiniens, mit Neubeschreibungen (Arachnida: Araneae). Beiträge zur Araneologie 4, 353–383. open url image1

Yaginuma T. (1986). ‘Spiders of Japan in Color’ (new ed.). (Hoikusha Publishing: Osaka, Japan.)