Efficacy of priming wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds with a benzothiazine derivative to improve drought stress tolerance
Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail
A , Muhammad Hamzah Saleem B * , Baber Ali C , Muhammad Azeem D , Sahar Mumtaz E , Ghulam Yasin F , Romina Alina Marc G and Shafaqat Ali H I *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
B Office of Academic Research, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
C Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
D Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Bahrain.
E Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan.
F Department of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
G Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănă ştur Street, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
H Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
I Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan.
* Correspondence to: saleemhamza312@webmail.hzau.edu.cn, shafaqataligill@yahoo.com
Handling Editor: Honghong Wu
Functional Plant Biology 50(11) 915-931 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP22140
Submitted: 28 June 2022 Accepted: 26 January 2023 Published: 20 February 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of different concentrations (0.05 and 0.15 mM) of a benzothiazine (BTh) derivative on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in normal (100% field water capacity, FWC) and drought (60% FWC) conditions. Various morphological and physiological characteristics, and the uptake of osmo-protectants and nutrients were measured under the two FWC conditions. Results show that the drought conditions significantly reduced plant growth, affected plant composition, reduced the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and affected gaseous exchange attributes, stomatal behaviour, and uptake fluxes of essential nutrients, while increasing the contents of different osmo-protectants and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to decrease the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells/tissues. However, seed priming with BTh reduced water stress conditions by increasing plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal behaviour, different gaseous exchange attributes, and uptake fluxes of essential nutrients compared with unprimed plants. In addition, the plant has a strong antioxidant defense system, which further increased its activities under BTh derivative treatments, to scavenge ROS production and maintain cell turgor under water stress conditions. In conclusion, drought stress-induced oxidative stress and altered the growth of T. aestivum, whereas seed priming increased plant growth and antioxidant production by improving the plant tolerance to drought. We suggest that seed priming with a BTh derivative as an effective priming technique in T. aestivum for reducing drought stress tends to benefit a grower in terms of better growth to fulfil the market demand for food cereals.
Keywords: abiotic stress, antioxidants, benzothiazine derivative, crop yield, drought, food security, growth, Pakistan, reactive oxygen species, wheat.
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