In vivo inhibition of polyamine oxidase by a spermine analogue, MDL-72527, in tomato exposed to sublethal and lethal salt stress
Zoltán Takács A , Péter Poór A , Ágnes Szepesi A and Irma Tari A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
B Corresponding author. Email: tari@bio.u-szeged.hu
Functional Plant Biology 44(5) 480-492 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP16280
Submitted: 23 December 2015 Accepted: 24 December 2016 Published: 3 March 2017
Abstract
The spermine analogue N1,N4-bis-(2,3-butadienyl)-1,4-butanediamine (MDL-72527), an effective inhibitor of polyamine oxidases (PAOs), triggers a systemic response in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) exposed to sublethal (100 mM) and lethal (250 mM) NaCl concentrations. The accumulation of free polyamines (PAs), the terminal oxidation of PAs by diamine oxidases (DAOs) and PAOs, and the production of H2O2 by PA oxidases depends on the intensity of salt stress. Spermidine and spermine content increased significantly under sublethal salt concentrations, but remained low under lethal salt stress. Along with increased expression of the selected SlDAO1 and SlPAO1 genes in the leaves and roots, respectively, DAO and PAO activities and their product, H2O2, increased and initiated cell death by irreversible loss of electrolytes at 250 mM NaCl. MDL-72527 significantly increased spermine, spermidine and/or putrescine contents as a result of reduced activity of PA oxidases; furthermore, it inhibited H2O2 and NO production during salt treatment. These results indicate that PAO contributed to H2O2 and NO production under salt stress, and the terminal activities of DAO and PAO play a role in cell death induction at 250 mM NaCl. However, the inhibition of PAO by MDL-72527 does not increase the salt tolerance of plants, since electrolyte leakage increased significantly in the presence of the inhibitor.
Additional keywords: diamine oxidase, electrolyte leakage, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, programmed cell death.
References
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