Contrasting hydraulic regulation in closely related forage grasses: implications for plant water use
Meisha-Marika Holloway-Phillips A and Timothy J. Brodribb B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
B School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: timothyb@utas.edu.au
Functional Plant Biology 38(7) 594-605 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP11029
Submitted: 25 January 2011 Accepted: 13 May 2011 Published: 12 July 2011
Abstract
Plant traits that improve crop water use efficiency are highly sought after but difficult to isolate. Here, we examine the integrated function of xylem and stomata in closely related forage grasses to determine whether quantitative differences in water transport properties could be used to predict plant performance under limited water conditions. Cultivars of two forage grass species with different drought tolerance ratings, Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Festuca arundinacea Schreb., were assessed for maximum hydraulic conductivity (Kmax), vulnerability of xylem to hydraulic dysfunction (P50) and stomatal sensitivity to leaf water potential. Species-specific differences were observed in several of these traits, and their effect on whole-plant performance was examined under well-watered and restricted watering conditions. It was shown that although P50 was comparable between species, for F. arundinacea cultivars, there was greater hydraulic risk associated with reduced stomatal sensitivity to leaf hydration. In contrast, L. multiflorum cultivars expressed a higher capacity for water transport, but more conservative stomatal regulation. Despite different susceptibilities to leaf damage observed during acute drought, under the sustained moderate drought treatment, the two strategies were balanced in terms of water conservation and hydraulic utilisation, resulting in similar dry matter production. Characterisation of water use patterns according to the key hydraulic parameters is discussed in terms of implications to yield across different environmental scenarios as well as the applicability of water transport related traits to breeding programs.
Additional keywords: Festuca arundinacea, grass, hydraulic conductivity, leaf water potential, Lolium multiflorum, stomatal regulation, water stress, water-use efficiency, xylem vulnerability.
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