Ion-mediated compensation for drought-induced loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity in field-growing plants of Laurus nobilis
Patrizia Trifilò A , Andrea Nardini B C , Fabio Raimondo A , Maria A. Lo Gullo A and Sebastiano Salleo B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Messina, Salita Sperone 31, 98166 Messina S Agata, Italy.
B Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
C Corresponding author. Email: nardini@units.it
Functional Plant Biology 38(7) 606-613 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP10233
Submitted: 30 November 2010 Accepted: 10 May 2011 Published: 12 July 2011
Abstract
Xylem cavitation is a common occurrence in drought-stressed plants. Cavitation-induced embolism reduces xylem hydraulic conductivity (kxylem) and may lead to stomatal closure and reduction of photosynthetic rates. Recent studies have suggested that plants may compensate for kxylem loss through ion-mediated enhancement of the residual water transport capacity of functioning conduits. To test this hypothesis, field-grown laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) plants were subjected to mild drought stress by suspending irrigation. Drought treatment induced a significant increase in xylem embolism compared with control (well watered) plants. Xylem sap potassium concentration ([K+]) increased during the day both in control and water stressed plants. Midday values of sap [K+] were significantly higher in water stressed plants. The recorded increase in sap potassium concentration induced significant enhancement of residual kxylem when solutions with different [K+] were perfused through excised stems sampled in the field and measured in the laboratory. In planta measurements of stem hydraulic conductance revealed no change between water stressed plants and controls. Our data suggest that ion-mediated enhancement of residual kxylem buffered the actual loss of hydraulic conductance suffered by plants during the warmest hours of the day as well as under mild drought stress conditions.
Additional keywords: cavitation, gas exchange, hydraulic conductivity, laurel, potassium, water stress, xylem.
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