The decline in xylem flow to mango fruit at the end of its development is related to the appearance of embolism in the fruit pedicel
Thibault Nordey A C , Mathieu Léchaudel A and Michel Génard B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), unité propre de recherche: fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de culture horticoles, 97455 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France.
B Institut national de recherche agronomique (INRA), unité de recherche 1115: Plantes et systèmes de culture horticoles, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9, France.
C Corresponding author. Email: thibault.nordey@cirad.fr
Functional Plant Biology 42(7) 668-675 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP14306
Submitted: 4 November 2014 Accepted: 30 March 2015 Published: 4 May 2015
Abstract
The decline in xylem flow during the late growth stage in most fruits may be due either to a decrease in the water potential gradient between the stem bearing the fruit and the fruit tissues or to a decrease in the hydraulic conductivity of xylem vessels, or both. In this study, we analysed changes in xylem flows to the mango Mangifera indica L. fruit during its development to identify the sources of variation by measuring changes in the water potential gradient and in the hydraulic properties of the fruit pedicel. The variations in xylem and transpiration flows were estimated at several stages of mango fruit development from the daily changes in the fresh mass of detached and girdled fruits on branches. The water potential gradient was estimated by monitoring the diurnal water potential in the stem and fruit. The hydraulic properties of the fruit pedicel were estimated using a flow meter. The results indicated that xylem flow increased in the early stages of fruit development and decreased in the late stage. Variations in xylem flow were related to the decrease in the hydraulic conductivity of xylem vessels but not to a decrease in the water potential gradient. The hydraulic conductivity of the fruit pedicel decreased during late growth due to embolism caused by a decrease in the fruit water potential. Further studies should establish the impact of the decrease in the hydraulic conductivity of the fruit pedicel on mango growth.
Additional keywords: cavitation, hydraulic resistance, Mangifera indica, transpiration, water potential.
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