A satellite constellation dedicated to frequently monitor methane emissions from oil and gas facilities around the world

Abstract

This paper discusses GHGSat’s pioneering operating satellites dedicated to high-resolution measurements of methane emissions. We demonstrate their role as an integral part of an emissions intensity improvement strategy. The instrument on board each satellite uses spectroscopy principles to detect and quantify methane emissions, exhibiting a spatial resolution of less than 30 m. A discussion on how this constellation can be used as a key system in the mitigation of emissions is presented. Results reflect observations taken with GHGSat’s satellites. Recent examples of oil and gas emitting facilities around the world are shown followed by how this constellation can serve three objectives: (1) emissions mitigation; (2) regulatory compliance; and (3) a system to achieve voluntary efforts such as OGMP 2.0. The intention is to show that there isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution, but that the use of a satellite constellation is a complimentary and efficient way of monitoring for large leaks with increased frequency. This paper also reviews GHGSat’s top-down approach through its aircraft sensor technology as another solution for monitoring smaller leaks. Mitigation success stories are discussed providing opportunities for achievement of regulatory certifications in regions like the United States, Australia and Iraq. The resulting datasets are integrated into GHGSat’s ESRI ArcGIS-based portal, SPECTRA, to facilitate the interpretation of its high-resolution measurements, giving further insights through the available analytics layers. This platform provides situational awareness of methane emissions to operators, creating opportunities for mitigation.