STRUCTURAL FRAMEWORK AND BASIN EVOLUTION OF AUSTRALIA’S SOUTHERN MARGIN
The APPEA Journal
43(1) 13 - 37
Published: 2003
Abstract
The structural evolution of all of the Southern Margin Basins can be explained by episodic reactivation of basement structures in respect to a specific sequence of tectonic events. Three geological provinces dominate the basement geology of the Southern Margin basins. The Eyre, Ceduna, Duntroon and Polda Basins overlie basement of the Archean to Proterozoic Gawler-Antarctic Craton. The Otway and Sorell Basins overlie basement of the Neoproterozoic-early Palaeozoic Adelaide- Kanmantoo Fold Belt. The Bass and Gippsland Basins overlie basement of the Palaeozoic Lachlan Fold Belt. The contrasting basement terranes within the three basement provinces and the structures within and between them significantly influenced the evolution and architecture of the Southern Margin basins.The present-day geometry was established during three Mesozoic extensional basin phases:
Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous NW–SE transtension forming deep rift basins to the west and linked pullapart basins and oblique graben east of the Southwest Ceduna Accommodation Zone;
Early–Mid Cretaceous NE–SW extension; and
Late Cretaceous NNE–SSW extension leading to continental breakup. At least three, potentially trap forming, inversion events have variably influenced the Southern Margin basins; Mid Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene-Recent. Volcanism occurred along the margin during the Late Cretaceous and sporadically through the Tertiary.
First-order structural control on Mesozoic rifting and breakup were east–west trending basement structures of the southern Australian fracture zone. Second-order controls include:
Proterozoic basement shear zones and/or terrane boundaries in the western Gawler Craton, which controlled basin evolution in the Eyre and Ceduna Subbasins;
Neoproterozoic structures, which significantly influenced basin evolution in the Ceduna sub-basin;
Cambro-Ordovician basement shear zones and/or terrane boundaries, which were a primary control on basin evolution in the Otway and Sorell Basins; and
Palaeozoic structures in the Lachlan Fold Belt, which controlled basin evolution in the Bass and Gippsland Basins.
A SEEBASE™ (Structurally Enhanced view of Economic Basement) model for the Southern Margin basins has been constructed to show basement topography. When used in combination with a rigorous interpretation of the structural evolution of the margin, it provides a foundation for basin phase and source rock distribution, hydrocarbon fluid focal points and trap type/distribution.
https://doi.org/10.1071/AJ02001
© CSIRO 2003
