Arsenic mobility and toxicity in South and South-east Asia – a review on biogeochemistry, health and socio-economic effects, remediation and risk predictions
E. Marie Muehe A and Andreas Kappler A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
B Corresponding author. Email: andreas.kappler@uni-tuebingen.de
E. Marie Muehe was a doctoral student of Andreas Kappler in Geomicrobiology at the Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Germany, from 2009 to 2013. Her Ph.D. was funded by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU). She received her diploma in Plant Physiology at the University of Tuebingen, Germany. Her research focuses on the interactions of plants, microorganisms and minerals in arsenic- and cadmium-contaminated environments. |
Andreas Kappler is Professor for Geomicrobiology at the Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Germany, since 2008. He received his diploma in Chemistry and his Ph.D. in Environmental Microbiology at the University of Konstanz (Germany). After a postdoc at EAWAG/ETH (Zürich) in Environmental Chemistry and a postdoc at Caltech in Geobiology, he moved to Tübingen in 2004 to head an Emmy-Noether junior research group in Geomicrobiology before being appointed Professor of Geomicrobiology. His research focuses on the formation and transformation of iron minerals by FeII-oxidising and FeIII-reducing bacteria and the implications of these processes for the fate of pollutants in soils and sediments as well as for the deposition of iron minerals on early Earth. His research combines microbial cultivation, molecular biology, fluorescence and electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy and spectromicroscopy. |
Environmental Chemistry 11(5) 483-495 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN13230
Submitted: 16 December 2013 Accepted: 5 June 2014 Published: 9 September 2014
Environmental context. The presence of high arsenic concentrations in South and South-east Asian groundwater causes dramatic health issues for the local population. As a consequence, scientists, governments and agencies investigate arsenic-related health issues and arsenic origin, fate and behaviour in ground- and drinking water and have started to provide remediation and mitigation strategies. This review broadly summarises our current knowledge on arsenic biogeochemistry, health and socio-economic effects, remediation and risk predications in Asia and discusses current and future research directions.
Abstract. The dramatic situation caused by high arsenic concentrations in ground and drinking water in South and South-east Asia has been investigated and discussed by the scientific community in the past twenty years. Multifaceted and interdisciplinary research extended our understanding of the origin, distribution and effects of As in this region of the world. Scientists have joined forces with local authorities and international non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and aid agencies to provide help, education, and assistance to the millions of people exposed to As. Current research focuses on predicting the behaviour of As in the subsurface, developing strategies to remove As from drinking water and remediating As-contaminated groundwater. This introductory review of the research front ‘Arsenic Biogeochemistry and Health’ gives a broad overview on the current knowledge of As biogeochemistry, exposure, health, toxicity and As-caused socioeconomic effects. Furthermore, the current research directions in predicting the presence and spreading of As in groundwater, assessing its risk and potential strategies to remove As from drinking water and to remediate contaminated environments are discussed.
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