Experimental study and modelling of inorganic Cd2+ speciation in natural waters
Claudia Foti A , Gabriele Lando A , Frank J. Millero B and Silvio Sammartano A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica, Università di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina (Vill. S. Agata), Italy.
B Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA.
C Corresponding author. Email: ssammartano@unime.it
Environmental Chemistry 8(3) 320-331 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN10138
Submitted: 10 December 2010 Accepted: 10 March 2011 Published: 22 June 2011
Environmental context. Cadmium(II) is considered as one of the most dangerous pollutants in natural waters. We performed a complete study on the interactions of cadmium(II) with inorganic components of natural waters, by using new experiments and some literature data. The body of results can be considered an improvement in modelling the inorganic speciation of cadmium(II) in natural waters.
Abstract. An analysis of literature data together with new potentiometric and voltammetric studies on the interaction between Cd2+ and the common environmental inorganic ligands, such as OH–, Cl–, F–, CO32– and SO42–, was reported at t = 25°C. New formation constant values for CdCl+, CdCl20, CdCl(OH)0, CdSO40, CdCO30 and CdF+ species at different ionic strengths (0.1 ≤ I ≤ 1 mol L–1) were determined. The cumulative seawater ligand capacity was evaluated by using a model in which synthetic seawater is expressed as a single salt BA, where the major cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) are represented by a single cation Bz+ and the anions (Cl– and SO42–) by a single anion Az– (|z| = 1.117). The formation of CdA0.883+ and CdA(OH)0.117– species was proposed and formation constants are reported at different salinities (5 ≤ S ≤ 45). The ionic strength dependence of the stability constants was studied by means of Pitzer and SIT (Specific ion Interaction Theory) equations.
Additional keywords: cadmium(II), hydrolysis, inorganic ligands, ionic strength dependence.
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