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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 5(5)

Pb uptake by the freshwater alga Chlorella kesslerii in the presence of dissolved organic matter of variable composition

Cristina Lamelas A and Vera I. Slaveykova A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Environmental Biophysical Chemistry, Environmental Science and Technology Institute, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (GR-SLV-ISTE-ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

B Corresponding author. Email: vera.slaveykova@epfl.ch

Environmental Chemistry 5(5) 366-372 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN08043
Submitted: 20 July 2008  Accepted: 13 October 2008   Published: 31 October 2008

Environmental context. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is of utmost importance for a toxic metal’s fate and ecotoxicity in the aquatic system, but the complex nature and variable composition of DOM makes the quantitative understanding of DOM’s role in the environment very difficult. We have demonstrated that the assumption that the properties of a DOM mixture are the sum of the properties of its individual fractions can capture the main trends characterising the role of DOM in lead speciation and adsorption by freshwater microalgae. This was done by mixing the isolated, well-characterised fractions of DOM and measuring levels of free lead ion and Pb adsorbed and internalised by algae.

Abstract. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of ill-defined components, which makes the quantitative understanding of DOM functions in aquatic systems a challenging task. The traditional approach for studying such complex mixtures involves their separation into groups of different components, while assuming minimal or no alteration of their properties. By mixing the pre-isolated and well-characterised individual fractions of the DOM, including humic, fulvic and alginic acids, we have demonstrated that the free Pb ion concentrations and the adsorbed Pb plus Pb internalised by the alga Chlorella kesslerii in the presence of DOM samples of different compositions can be predicted on the basis of the experiments performed in the presence of the individual DOM fractions. An additivity model assuming that the properties of the mixture can be considered as the sum of the properties of the individual components captured the Pb speciation and adsorption behaviour in the presence of DOM of variable compositions. Similarly to the results with the individual DOM fractions, internalised Pb concentrations in the presence of the reconstituted DOM were greater than that predicted by the corresponding free lead ion concentration. An improved fit between experimental observations and the model predictions of adsorbed plus internalised Pb in the presence of DOM of different compositions was observed by assuming that each individual component adsorbed by the algae gave access to additional binding sites for Pb. Furthermore, the contribution of the Pb–DOM complex to total cellular Pb was dominated by the humic and fulvic acids, whereas the contribution of alginate was minimal.

Additional keywords: additivity model, green alga.


Acknowledgements

Warm thanks are extended to the Swiss National Science Foundation PP002–102640 for providing funding directly related to the present work. Technical assistance of Michel Martin in ICP-MS measurements is highly appreciated.


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