Cytological identification of new-type Brassica napus materials and their physiological response to drought
Fengping Song
A B , Zuqing Meng B , Tao Luo A , Jiajia Xin A , Mengzhu Xian A , Na Rao A , Quan Chen A , Yuhao Wang A , Mohammad Nauman Khan A and Liyong Hu A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
B Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet Autonomous Region 860000, China.
C Corresponding author. Email: liyonghu@mail.hzau.edu.cn
Crop and Pasture Science 70(10) 876-889 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP19015
Submitted: 9 January 2019 Accepted: 21 August 2019 Published: 29 October 2019
Abstract
The naturally drought-prone climate of the Tibetan Plateau has produced highly drought-resistant Brassica juncea. The objective of the present study was to examine improvement in drought resistance in B. napus by distant hybridisation between B. juncea and B. napus. Distant hybridisation was performed to generate F1 hybrids, which were open-pollinated by a set of breeding lines of B. napus. Continuous self-crossing was then performed to produce the F2–F6 generations, and 74 lines of new-type Brassica napus with stable fertility and morphological phenotypes were selected. The drought resistance of the 74 lines was evaluated during the germination stage by simulating drought stress at 15% PEG-6000, and a wide range of genetic variation in drought resistance was scored. Cytological identification of four lines chosen from strongly, intermediate and weakly drought-resistant clusters demonstrated that their chromosomes had gradually stabilised to B. napus (2n = 38) after advanced self-crossing. A drought-resistant line (line 290) and a drought-susceptible line (line 299) were selected to determine the physiological response to drought stress at the seedling stage. The results showed that proline, soluble protein and malondialdehyde contents of the drought-resistant line were always lower than those of the drought-susceptible line and other common rapeseed variety under drought stress and rewatering conditions. This indicates that the drought-resistant line may have a better reactive oxygen species scavenging system with a less extreme reaction to drought stress. Additionally, the results revealed that the genetic diversity of B. napus under drought resistance was broadened by distant hybridisation, which could encourage breeders to utilise the germplasm resources of B. juncea in the Tibetan Plateau to achieve the goal of drought resistance.
Additional keywords: cytological identification, drought and re-watering, introgression, Tibet.
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