Recovery dynamics of rainfed winter wheat after livestock grazing 2. Light interception, radiation-use efficiency and dry-matter partitioning
Matthew T. Harrison A B C D , John R. Evans B , Hugh Dove A and Andrew D. Moore A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A CSIRO, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
B The Australian National University, Research School of Biology, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
C Present address: INRA, UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, IBIP – Bât. 7, 2 Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
D Corresponding author. Email: matthew.harrison@supagro.inra.fr
Crop and Pasture Science 62(11) 960-971 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP11235
Submitted: 25 August 2011 Accepted: 1 December 2011 Published: 21 December 2011
Abstract
Grazing of cereal crops reduces canopy light interception and could potentially reduce biomass production and grain yields. Alternatively, defoliation after canopy closure may increase light penetration and enhance radiation-use efficiency (RUE, shoot dry matter produced per unit light intercepted). Changes in dry matter partitioning following grazing may also ameliorate grain yield penalties. Experiments with rainfed winter wheat were conducted near Canberra, Australia, to investigate the effect of different intensity or duration of grazing on two cultivars. Grazing reduced leaf area index (LAI), light interception and growth rates by up to 90% but did not affect overall RUE. Although grazing caused significant reductions in cumulative light interception and total dry matter accumulation, it did not affect grain yields because grazed crops had delayed phenological development, allowing increased partitioning of shoot dry matter to spikes. Grazing reduced stem dry matter accumulation and consequently decreased the amount of stem assimilate available for retranslocation to kernels by up to 75%. However, by delaying crop ontogeny, grazing prolonged green area duration after anthesis and thereby increased the supply of assimilates from current photosynthesis to developing kernels, mitigating potential yield penalties caused by defoliation.
Additional keywords: allometry, assimilate, defoliation, herbivory, kernels, phenology, physiology, retranslocation, Triticum aestivum.
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