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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 57(7)

Pattern analysis on protein properties of Chinese and CIMMYT spring wheat cultivars sown in China and CIMMYT

Yong Zhang A , Zhonghu He A B F , Aimin Zhang C , Maarten van Ginkel D , Roberto J. Peña D and Guoyou Ye E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Crop Science Research Institute/National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China.

B CIMMYT-China Office, c/o CAAS, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China.

C Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

D CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.

E School of Land and Food, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.

F Corresponding author. Email: z.he@cgiar.org

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(7) 811-822 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR05372
Submitted: 19 October 2005  Accepted: 17 February 2006   Published: 14 July 2006

Abstract

Improvement of processing quality is a very important objective for Chinese wheat breeding programs. Twenty-five CIMMYT and Chinese spring wheat cultivars were grown at four managed conditions by CIMMYT in Cd. Obregon, Sonora, Mexico and in nine environments in China, over two successive wheat seasons from 2000 to 2002. These trials were used to identify patterns of cultivar, environment and cultivar × environment interactions, and to determine opportunities for indirect selection for protein content and the protein-quality related parameter, SDS sedimentation (SDSS) value. The cultivar Inqalab 91 showed low levels of interaction with environments in the 2000–01 crop cycle for protein content, and expressed intermediate levels for both protein content and SDSS value, across most of the environments in both years. Longmai 26 had consistently high protein content and SDSS value across environments in both years, indicating that it is possible to breed cultivars expressing high yields with good protein properties. Cluster analyses revealed that cultivars grouped differently for protein content and SDSS value. Besides photoperiod, water availability appeared to influence the ranking of cultivars for protein content and SDSS value. Temperature and soil type may underlie the observed interactions for protein content, while temperature may also be a factor associated with interactions for SDSS value. The full irrigation managed environment in Mexico, with the cultivars sown on raised beds two months later than optimum and exposing them to late heat, clustered together with the Chinese environments Huhhot, Yongning, and Hejin in the 2000–01 season for SDSS value. This indicates that there is an opportunity to exploit indirect responses to selection in the CIMMYT management environments for SDSS value with relevance for China’s spring wheat regions. However, there seemed little chance for positive indirect selection in CIMMYT’s managed environments for China in regard to protein content, as environments clustered distinctly. Pattern analyses permitted a sensible and useful summary for this multi environment experiment, helping in understanding natural relationships and variations in cultivar performance among the various environment groups, and assisting in the structuring of environments.

Additional keywords: Triticum aestivum, bread wheat, protein content, SDS sedimentation value, cultivar × environment interaction, pattern analysis.


Acknowledgments

Financial support was kindly provided by the National Natural Science Foundation (Project No. 30060043), an international collaborative project on wheat improvement (2003Q-01) from the Ministry of Agriculture, and National Basic Research Program of the People’s Republic of China (2002CB11300).


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