Agronomic performance, herbage quality, methane yield and methane emission potential of pasture mixtures

Guangdi D. Li; Matthew T. Newell; Suzanne P. Boschma; Richard Meyer; Jennifer A. Wood; Warwick B. Badgery; Richard C. Hayes

doi:10.1071/CP24356

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Previous Contents Vol 76(4)

Agronomic performance, herbage quality, methane yield and methane emission potential of pasture mixtures

Guangdi D. Li

^A ^* , Matthew T. Newell

^B , Suzanne P. Boschma

^C , Richard Meyer ^A , Jennifer A. Wood

^C , Warwick B. Badgery

^D and Richard C. Hayes

^A

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.

^B Cowra Agricultural Research and Advisory Station, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Cowra, NSW 2794, Australia.

^C Tamworth Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.

^D Orange Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 1447 Forest Road, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: guangdi.li@dpi.nsw.gov.au

Handling Editor: Brendan Cullen

Crop & Pasture Science 76, CP24356 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP24356

Submitted: 30 November 2024 Accepted: 6 March 2025 Published: 3 April 2025

© 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Context

Enteric methane (CH₄) emission from livestock accounts for 71% of greenhouse gas emissions from Australian agriculture.

Aims

To evaluate a range of pasture mixtures by using species with anti-methanogenic properties for their compatibility, productivity, feed quality and CH₄ emission reduction potential.

Methods

Two field experiments were conducted at Wagga Wagga and Cowra, New South Wales, Australia, from 2022 to 2024. In total, 33 pasture mixtures were evaluated over 3 years. Herbage was taken in spring from each pasture mix to analyse mineral composition, feed quality, plant secondary compounds and CH₄ yield from in vitro fermentation.

Key results

Methane yield was negatively correlated with saponins and condensed tannins. Perennial herbs, particularly plantain, had higher concentrations of condensed tannins and saponins than perennial grasses, at both sites. Overall, balansa clover was the species with the highest concentration of condensed tannins and biserrula had the highest concentration of saponins. However, plantain and biserrula lacked persistence at both sites. Chicory-based pastures were highly productive with high feed quality.

Conclusions

Pasture species higher in saponins and condensed tannins have great potential to reduce enteric CH₄ emissions. Pasture mixtures containing plantain and/or biserrula exhibited potential to reduce CH₄ emissions, but poor persistence may limit their adoption in some environments.

Implications

The study provided evidence that a number of highly productive pasture mixtures have potential to reduce CH₄ emission intensity and can be deployed within extensive livestock grazing systems, allowing producers opportunity to decrease their greenhouse gas liability in emission reduction schemes.

Keywords: biserrula, chicory, condensed tannins, forage quality, mineral composition, plant secondary compounds, plantain, saponins.

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