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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 76(2)

Effect of foliar application of lithium on biofortification, physiological components, and production of irrigated rice

Danilo Pereira Ramos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6559-6218 A , Guillermo Arturo Herrera Chan A , Wanessa Rocha de Souza A , Dayara Vieira Silva A , Larissa Urzêdo Rodrigues A , Patrícia Sumara Moreira Fernandes A , Paulo Henrique Cavazzini A , Danyllo Santos Dias B , Roberto Antonio Savelli Martinez C , Damiana Beatriz da Silva A , Patrícia Martins Guarda D , Emerson Adriano Guarda D , Vitor L. Nascimento E , Renato de Almeida Sarmento A and Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Postgraduate Program in Plant Production, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, TO 77402-970, Brazil. Email: daniloramos05@hotmail.com, gui.art.her@hotmail.com, wanessarocha.engbio@hotmail.com, dayaravieira@hotmail.com, larissaurzedo@hotmail.com, patysumara@gmail.com, paulo_cavazzini@hotmail.com, damisb@uft.edu.br, rsarmento@uft.edu.br

B Ímpar Consultoria no Agronegócio Ltda, Palmas, TO 77015-263, Brazil. Email: danyllodiias@gmail.com

C Faculty of Agricultural, Biological, Engineering and Health Sciences, State University of Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT 78301-532, Brazil. Email: robertosavelli@unemat.br

D Environmental and Biofuel Chemistry Research Laboratory (LAPEQ), Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas, TO 77001-090, Brazil. Email: patriciaguarda@uft.edu.br, emersonprof@uft.edu.br

E Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. Email: vitor.nascimento@ufla.br

* Correspondence to: fidelisrr@uft.edu.br

Handling Editor: Caixian Tang

Crop & Pasture Science 76, CP24291 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP24291
Submitted: 3 October 2024  Accepted: 24 January 2025  Published: 11 February 2025

© 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Context

Lithium (Li) is an essential trace element for human health. Although the biofortification of rice (Oryza sativa) with Li is a promising strategy to overcome its deficiency, little is known about its biological activity in plants.

Aims

We determined the effect of sources and doses of Li applied via the leaves on the biofortification, physiological components, and production of irrigated rice.

Methods

The experimental design consisted of randomised blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. The factors consisted of five doses of Li (0, 50, 100 150, and 200 g ha−1) and three sources (lithium sulfate, Li2SO4·H2O; lithium hydroxide, LiOH·H2O; and lithium chloride, LiCl).

Key results

Regardless of the source used, foliar application of Li allowed bioaccumulation in rice grains without influencing the development and grain yield of the crop. Supplying Li to rice plants in the form of Li2SO4·H2O increased the photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency. Moreover, regardless of the source used, the consumption of rice grains biofortified with Li at a dose of 200 g ha−1 can supply more than 50% of the minimum recommended daily intake of the element.

Conclusions

Foliar spraying of Li is effective for agronomic biofortification of rice.

Implications

Biofortification of rice with Li can contribute to reducing its deficiency in naturally poor regions.

Keywords: chlorophyll index, food analysis, food composition, gas exchange, grain yield, leaf fertilization, Oryza sativa L., trace element.

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