Variation in drought-tolerance components and their interrelationships in the core collection of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) germplasm
Lakshmanan Krishnamurthy A E , Hari Deo Upadhyaya A B C , Junichi Kashiwagi D , Ramamoorthy Purushothaman A , Sangam Lal Dwivedi A and Vincent Vadez A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502 324, Telangana, India.
B Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
C UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
D Crop Science Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan.
E Corresponding author. Email: l.krishnamurthy@cgiar.org, lkm1949@gmail.com
Crop and Pasture Science 67(8) 834-846 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP15338
Submitted: 6 October 2015 Accepted: 5 April 2016 Published: 17 August 2016
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.) is an ancient cereal cultivated worldwide in arid and marginal lands. It is an ideal crop for the changing climate, with high photosynthetic efficiency. A trait-based selection for drought tolerance is sought for yield stability. The present work had segregated the drought yield as total water use (T), transpiration efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) and assessed the importance of these components and their association with drought tolerance. The core collection of foxtail millet germplasm (n = 155) was evaluated in mini-lysimeters under both terminal drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) environments. The contribution of T to grain yield under drought was minor but the contribution of TE was positive and of HI negative. Crop duration, T and TE positively influenced, and HI negatively influenced, shoot biomass production. Under drought, the core germplasm accessions varied in shoot biomass, grain yield, HI and T by >3-fold and in TE by 2-fold. Categorisation of the germplasm for TE had differentiated groups of accessions as high TE (n = 17) and low TE (n = 22). Among the three races of foxtail millet, indica was strong for T and TE, and maxima and moharia for HI, with useful exceptions.
Additional keywords: crop productivity, genetic variability, G × E interaction, small millet, subraces, water deficit.
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