Comparative effects of gibberellic acid, kinetin and salicylic acid on emergence, seedling growth and the antioxidant defence system of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) under salinity and temperature stresses
Nimir Eltyb Ahmed Nimir A B , Shiyuan Lu A , Guisheng Zhou A E , Wenshan Guo A E , Baoluo Ma C and Yonghui Wang D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
B Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, 11115 Khartoum, Sudan.
C Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0C6.
D Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu Costal Area, Observation and Experimental Station of Saline Land of Coastal Area, Ministry of Agriculture, Yancheng 224001, China.
E Corresponding authors. Email: gszhou@yzu.edu.cn; guows@yzu.edu.cn
Crop and Pasture Science 66(2) 145-157 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP14141
Submitted: 9 April 2014 Accepted: 17 November 2014 Published: 10 March 2015
Abstract
Salinity and high temperature are major abiotic stresses limiting sustainable crop production. Seed priming is a useful tool to enhance seedling growth and the antioxidant defence system of crops under salinity and temperature stress. This experiment was designed to determine the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3, 288.7 µm), kinetin (232.2 µm) and salicylic acid (362 µm) on some morphological and physiological parameters of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) hybrid Yajin 13 under salinity (0, 100 and 200 mm NaCl) and temperature (25°C and 37°C) stress. Salinity and high temperature significantly reduced emergence percentage, shoot and root lengths, number of leaves, shoot fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll a and b content. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were increased with an increase in both salinity and temperature stress. Hormone treatments positively affected all parameters except root fresh and dry weight, number of leaves, SOD activity and chlorophyll a. Under salinity stress at 200 mm NaCl, treatment with salicylic acid increased emergence percentage, emergence rate, chlorophyll b and protein content by 82.0%, 130%, 7.9% and 1.9%, respectively, relative to the control (no treatment). At 37°C, salicylic acid increased emergence percentage, emergence rate and number of roots by 72.5%, 108.5% and 63.8%, respectively, and decreased MDA content by 17.6% relative to the control. Our study indicated that seed priming with an appropriate concentration of exogenous hormones (salicylic acid, kinetin, GA3) is a useful, easy method for improving germination, seedling growth and the antioxidant defence system of sweet sorghum under conditions of high temperature and salinity.
Additional keywords: hormone, salinity, sweet sorghum, temperature.
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