Molecular genetic distance and hybrid performance between Chinese and American maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds
Da-Hao Zheng A B , Kyujung Van A , Li Wang B C and Suk-Ha Lee A D EA Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
B Department of Agronomy, Yanbian University, Longjing 133400, Jilin, China.
C Current address: Department of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, Henan, China.
D Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
E Corresponding author. Email: sukhalee@snu.ac.kr
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59(11) 1010-1020 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR08082
Submitted: 4 March 2008 Accepted: 2 September 2008 Published: 14 October 2008
Abstract
Development of superior hybrids depends on the identification and exploitation of heterotic groups based on divergent germplasms. The polymorphisms among 13 Chinese and 13 American parental maize inbreds were evaluated at 107 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. Grain yield of 169 F1 hybrids and corresponding molecular genetic distance (GD) for parents were partitioned into general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) and general and specific genetic distance (GGD and SGD), respectively. SSR data revealed that different geographic sources of inbreds were substantially divergent with several germplasm-specific alleles. GDs between Chinese and American inbreds showed greater mean values and narrower ranges than those within each set of inbreds. The parental inbreds were clustered into four groups. F1 performance was highly correlated with SCA for grain yield regardless of the type of cross. F1 performance and SCA were correlated with GD and SGD in hybrids created only with temperate inbreds. Maize superior hybrids were produced only by crosses of different germplasm with greater GDs. BSSS enhances the heterotic pattern with any other inbreds from China. Iowa Corn Borer Synthetic No. 1 (BSCB1) and CIMMYT Pool41 were new promising germplasms for establishment of potential heterotic patterns in the Chinese maize breeding program.
Additional keywords: molecular distances, SSR marker, yield prediction.
Acknowledgments
We truly appreciate the help of Dr K. R. Lamkey at Iowa State University, USA, who provided inbreds from American populations. We also thank the National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management at Seoul National University in Korea. This work was supported by the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department of China and the BioGreen 21 Project (code no. 20080401034010), Rural Development Administration, Korea.
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