Allelic variations in high and low molecular weight glutenins at the Glu-Dt locus of Aegilops tauschii as a potential source for improving bread wheat quality
A. Rehman A D , N. Evans A , M. C. Gianibelli B and R. J. Rose CA NSW Agriculture, Wagga Wagga Agriculture Institute, Pine Gully Road, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.
B CSIRO Plant industry, PO Box 1600, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia.
C School of Environmental and Life Sciences and CILR, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: ata.rehman@dpi.nsw.gov.au
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59(5) 399-405 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR07229
Submitted: 14 June 2007 Accepted: 16 October 2007 Published: 12 May 2008
Abstract
Aegilops tauschii, the donor of the D genome of hexaploid wheat, is accepted as a major contributor of disease resistance and bread-making quality attributes in cultivated wheat. High molecular weight (HMW) glutenins have a significant effect on the bread-making qualities of cultivated wheat. A large range of allelic variation in 424 Ae. tauschii accessions at the Glu-D1t locus for both x- and y-type glutenin subunits as well as at Glu-D3t was observed with SDS-PAGE using the total endosperm protein fraction. Only 4 accessions revealed more than 2 bands on SDS-PAGE. Seventeen new allelic combinations of both x- and y-type glutenin subunits at GluD-1t and 30 new allelic profiles at Glu-D3 were detected. These combinations comprise some lines with x- or y-type null forms. RP-HPLC analysis of accession Aus 18882, which showed 5 bands when the total endosperm protein fraction was resolved on SDS-PAGE, revealed 2 x-types and 1 y-type subunit banding pattern. RP-HPLC of the gliadin fraction exhibited an omega gliadin-like subunit. SDS-PAGE processing of the gliadin-free fraction of the same accession still exhibited the gliadin-like protein. An N-terminal protein sequence of the first 7 amino acids of the slowest moving novel x-type band of accession Aus18882 indicated its uniqueness, as no entries were found to contain this internal sequence. Demonstration of novel allelic combinations at Glu-D1 and Glu-D3 loci implies the potential for exploiting Ae. tauschii to increase the genetic variability of hexaploid wheat, particularly for bread-making qualities.
Additional keywords: allelic variation, HMW and LMW glutenin subunits, novel combinations, bread wheat quality.
Acknowledgments
We thank Mr Michael Mackay and Dr Greg Grimes for providing Ae. tauschii seeds. We also thank Drs Ben Stoddart and Arun Aryan for critically commenting on the manuscript.
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