Cultivar differences in yield distribution patterns in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
Eftal DüzyamanDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. Email: eftal.duzyaman@ege.edu.tr
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(1) 55-63 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR04291
Submitted: 18 November 2004 Accepted: 11 August 2005 Published: 30 January 2006
Abstract
A total of 15 okra cultivars of Indian, Turkish, West African, and United States origin with diverse plant traits were selected to investigate the distribution patterns of yield throughout the harvest period. The proportion of fruits harvested up to mid-harvest period (FMH) was calculated for each cultivar and taken as a criterion in transforming yield distribution patterns into numerical variables. Cultivars showed a gradation for FMH values ranging from 64.5% to 30.7%. High FMH values were exclusively found in the Indian cultivars, whilst there was no origin-specificity for lower FMH values. Most parts of the plant architecture were associated with FMH. When moving from lower to higher FMH values, the number of lateral branches and consequently the proportion of yield carried by the lateral branches decreased (both at P < 0.001) and flowering initiated earlier (P < 0.001). However, plants showed reduced mean stem diameter (P < 0.05), leaf area (P < 0.001), and fruit weight (P < 0.05). Hence, fewer generative nodes per plant were formed (P < 0.001). However, the proportion of generative nodes translated into fruits was higher (P < 0.001), and consequently a greater number of fruits per plant was harvested (P < 0.01). Coefficient of determination (R 2) analysis revealed that a multiple regression model containing the 3 traits most correlated with FMH [number of days to flowering (r = –0.89), first flowering node (r = –0.84), proportion of generative nodes translated into fruits (r = 0.80)] explained 85% of the variation in FMH. Number of days to flowering alone explained 79% and a complex regression model containing all variables (10 variables) explained 90%. Traits associated with yield distribution patterns may be considered in introducing cultivars to different ecological and production systems, as well as in selection for breeding lines.
Additional keywords: breeding, cultivar introductions, plant architecture, sequential harvests.
Acknowledgment
The author acknowledges the Research Funds of the Ege University for financially supporting this study. I am also very grateful to Michael Abberton who checked the English and the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful review of the manuscript.
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